Question

a proton is added to carbon? nitrogen
a proton is removed from carbon boron
a neutron is added to carbon?
a neutron is removed from carbon?
an electron is added to carbon?
an electron is removed from carbon?

Explanation:

Step1: Recall element - identity rule

The identity of an element is determined by the number of protons. Neutrons affect the isotope, and electrons affect the charge.

Step2: Adding a neutron to carbon

Adding a neutron to carbon creates a different isotope of carbon. But the element remains carbon.

Step3: Removing a neutron from carbon

Removing a neutron also creates a different isotope of carbon, and the element is still carbon.

Step4: Adding an electron to carbon

Carbon has 6 protons and 6 electrons in a neutral state. Adding an electron makes it a negatively - charged carbon ion ($C^-$).

Step5: Removing an electron from carbon

Removing an electron makes it a positively - charged carbon ion ($C^+$).

Answer:

Carbon
Carbon
$C^-$
$C^+$