Question

section g: atomic structure identification
instructions: for each element, identify the number of protons, neutrons, electrons,
and the mass number.

1. carbon-12

1. oxygen-16

1. sodium-23

1. magnesium-24

1. chlorine-35

1. calcium-40

Explanation:

25. Carbon - 12

Step 1: Determine protons

Carbon has an atomic number of 6, so protons = 6.

Step 2: Determine electrons

In a neutral atom, electrons = protons, so electrons = 6.

Step 3: Determine mass number

Given as Carbon - 12, so mass number = 12.

Step 4: Determine neutrons

Neutrons = mass number - protons = 12 - 6 = 6.

Step 1: Determine protons

Oxygen has an atomic number of 8, so protons = 8.

Step 2: Determine electrons

In a neutral atom, electrons = protons, so electrons = 8.

Step 3: Determine mass number

Given as Oxygen - 16, so mass number = 16.

Step 4: Determine neutrons

Neutrons = mass number - protons = 16 - 8 = 8.

Step 1: Determine protons

Sodium has an atomic number of 11, so protons = 11.

Step 2: Determine electrons

In a neutral atom, electrons = protons, so electrons = 11.

Step 3: Determine mass number

Given as Sodium - 23, so mass number = 23.

Step 4: Determine neutrons

Neutrons = mass number - protons = 23 - 11 = 12.

Answer:

Protons: 6, Neutrons: 6, Electrons: 6, Mass Number: 12

26. Oxygen - 16