Question

1. think and discuss: how is the formation of covalent bonds similar to kids sharing markers? how is it different? if possible, discuss your answer with your classmates and teacher. activity b: building molecules get the gizmo ready: click reset. turn off show lewis diagram. select oxygen. question: how do atoms share more than one pair of electrons? 1. observe: like fluorine and most other elements, oxygen atoms are most stable with a full complement of eight valence electrons. a. how many valence electrons does each oxygen atom have now? b. how many more electrons does each oxygen atom need to be stable?

Explanation:

Step1: Recall oxygen's electron - configuration

Oxygen has an atomic number of 8. Its electron - configuration is 1s²2s²2p⁴. The electrons in the outermost shell (valence shell) are considered valence electrons. For oxygen, the 2s and 2p electrons in the second shell are valence electrons. So, 2 + 4=6.

Step2: Determine the number of electrons needed for stability

Atoms are most stable with a full outer shell (8 valence electrons for most elements, known as the octet rule). Since oxygen has 6 valence electrons, 8 - 6 = 2.

Answer:

A. 6
B. 2