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Question
use this graphic organizer to become familiar with the different types of chemical bonding that we will be learning about over the next few weeks. begin some preliminary research on the different types of chemical bonding after you finish your exam. use google and other resources to figure out as much as you can. see if you can find at least three different types of chemical bonding, provide definitions and examples of each one in the real world. submit on canvas when you are finished! type of chemical bonding definition examples in the real world metallic ionic hydrogen covalent dipole dipole
- Metallic bonding: A type of chemical bonding that arises from the electrostatic attractive force between conduction electrons (in the form of an electron cloud of delocalized electrons) and positively - charged metal ions. In the real world, it is present in metals like copper which is used in electrical wiring due to its high electrical conductivity resulting from metallic bonding.
- Ionic bonding: The complete transfer of valence electron(s) between atoms, which creates two ions with opposite charges that are then attracted to each other. Table salt (sodium chloride, NaCl) is an example, where sodium donates an electron to chlorine to form an ionic compound.
- Hydrogen bonding: A special type of dipole - dipole attraction between molecules, not a covalent bond to a hydrogen atom. Water is a classic example. The hydrogen atoms in water molecules are attracted to the lone pairs of electrons on oxygen atoms of neighboring water molecules, which affects properties like high surface tension and high boiling point of water.
- Covalent bonding: A chemical bond that involves the sharing of electron pairs between atoms. Methane (CH₄) is an example, where carbon shares its four valence electrons with four hydrogen atoms to achieve a stable electron configuration.
- Dipole - dipole bonding: An intermolecular force that occurs between polar molecules. For example, in hydrogen chloride (HCl) gas, the positive end of one HCl molecule is attracted to the negative end of another HCl molecule due to the polar nature of the H - Cl bond.
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| Type of Chemical Bonding | Definition | Examples in the real world |
|---|---|---|
| Ionic | Complete transfer of valence electrons between atoms creating ions of opposite charges | Table salt (NaCl) |
| Hydrogen | Special dipole - dipole attraction between molecules | Water |
| Covalent | Sharing of electron pairs between atoms | Methane (CH₄) |
| Dipole Dipole | Intermolecular force between polar molecules | Hydrogen chloride (HCl) gas |