Question

what do elements in the same column of the periodic table have in common? how can the motion of atoms in the solid state of most substances be described?

Explanation:

Elements in the same column (group) of the periodic table have the same number of valence electrons. This leads to similar chemical - reactivity patterns. In the solid state of most substances, atoms vibrate in place around a fixed position due to the strong intermolecular forces holding them relatively close together.

Answer:

Elements in the same column of the periodic table have the same number of valence electrons.
The motion of atoms in the solid state of most substances can be described as vibrating in place around a fixed position.