Question

1. which subatomic particles change when it becomes an ion?

a. proton
b. neutron
c. electron
d. mass number

1. which subatomic particle could not change because it is the identity of the element?

a. proton
b. neutron
c. electron
d. nucleus

1. which atom below is an ion of carbon?

a. 6 protons, 6 neutrons
b. 6 protons, 7 electron
c. 7 protons, 6 neutrons
d. 6 protons, 6 electrons

1. in your own words, explain which particles make up most of the atoms mass? and where are they located?
2. fill in the blanks

x # →

18 16 s²⁻
p = 16
e = 18
n =
p = 31
e = 28
n = 36

Explanation:

1. An ion is formed when an atom gains or loses electrons. Protons and neutrons remain unchanged in most cases related to ion - formation. Mass number is a property related to protons and neutrons and doesn't change just due to ion - formation. So electrons change when an atom becomes an ion.
2. The number of protons determines the identity of an element. Changing the number of protons changes the element itself. Neutrons can vary (isotopes), electrons can be gained or lost (ions), and the nucleus is not a single sub - atomic particle in this context.
3. A neutral carbon atom has 6 protons and 6 electrons. An ion of carbon will have a different number of electrons. Option B has 6 protons (so it's carbon) but 7 electrons, making it a negatively charged carbon ion.
4. Protons and neutrons make up most of the atom's mass. They are located in the nucleus of the atom. Electrons have a very small mass compared to protons and neutrons.
5. For the ion \(_{16}^{18}S^{2 -}\), the atomic number (number of protons, \(P\)) is 16, the number of electrons (\(E\)) is 18 (since it has a 2 - charge, so 16+2 = 18), and the number of neutrons (\(N\)) is calculated as mass number - atomic number, so \(N=18 - 16=2\).

Answer:

1. C. Electron
2. A. Proton
3. B. 6 protons, 7 electrons
4. Protons and neutrons make up most of the atom's mass. They are located in the nucleus.
5. N = 2