Question

write the systematic name of each organic molecule:

structure	name
$\ce{ch_{3}-ch_{2}-ch_{2}-\overset{\ce{ch_{2}-ch_{3}}}{\underset{\ce{ch_{3}}}{\ce{ch-ch}}}-ch_{2}-ch_{3}}$
$\ce{ch_{3}-ch_{2}-ch_{2}-\overset{\ce{cl}}{\ce{ch}}-ch_{2}-\overset{\ce{ch_{3}}}{\ce{ch}}-ch_{3}}$

Explanation:

First Molecule

Step1: Find the longest carbon chain.

The longest chain has 7 carbons (heptane).

Step2: Identify substituents and their positions.

Substituents: $-CH_3$ at positions 2, 3, 5.

Step3: Name using IUPAC rules.

List substituents (methyl) with positions: 2,3,5-trimethylheptane.

Second Molecule

Step1: Find the longest carbon chain.

Longest chain: 7 carbons (heptane).

Step2: Identify substituents and positions.

Substituents: $-CH_3$ at 3, $-CH_2CH_3$ at 4.

Step3: Name using IUPAC rules.

Alphabetize substituents: 4-ethyl-3-methylheptane.

Third Molecule

Step1: Find the longest carbon chain.

Longest chain: 7 carbons (heptane).

Step2: Identify substituents and positions.

Substituents: $-Cl$ at 4, $-CH_3$ at 6.

Step3: Name using IUPAC rules.

List substituents (chloro, methyl) with positions: 4-chloro-6-methylheptane.

Answer:

First: 2,3,5 - trimethylheptane
Second: 4 - ethyl - 3 - methylheptane
Third: 4 - chloro - 6 - methylheptane