Question

1. how does information pass through the neuron?
2. identify each of the following aspects of neural transmission.

a. threshold:
b. action potential:
c. resting potential:
d. refractory period:
e. all - or - none response:
f. neurotransmitters:
g. synapse or synaptic cleft:
h. reuptake:

Explanation:

1. Information passes through a neuron as an electrical - chemical process. It enters the dendrites, travels as an electrical impulse (action potential) along the axon, and at the axon terminal, neurotransmitters are released into the synapse to communicate with the next neuron.

14a. Threshold is the minimum level of stimulation that must be reached to trigger an action potential in a neuron.
14b. Action potential is a brief electrical charge that travels down the axon of a neuron, caused by the movement of sodium and potassium ions across the cell membrane.
14c. Resting potential is the electrical charge of a neuron when it is not being stimulated, with a negative charge inside the cell relative to the outside.
14d. Refractory period is a short time after an action potential when a neuron cannot fire another action potential, ensuring one - way transmission of the nerve impulse.
14e. All - or - none response means that a neuron either fires an action potential at full strength or does not fire at all, depending on whether the threshold is reached.
14f. Neurotransmitters are chemical messengers that are released from the axon terminal of a neuron into the synapse to transmit signals to other neurons, muscles, or glands.
14g. Synapse or synaptic cleft is the tiny gap between the axon terminal of one neuron and the dendrites or cell body of another neuron, where neurotransmitters are released and received.
14h. Reuptake is the process by which neurotransmitters are reabsorbed by the axon terminal of the neuron that released them, terminating the signal in the synapse.

Answer:

1. Information enters dendrites as electrical - chemical signals, travels as an action potential along the axon, and neurotransmitters are released at the axon terminal to cross the synapse.

14a. Minimum stimulation level for action potential.
14b. Brief electrical charge down the axon.
14c. Neuron's charge when unstimulated (negative inside).
14d. Time after action potential when neuron can't fire again.
14e. Neuron fires fully or not at all.
14f. Chemical messengers in synapse.
14g. Gap between neurons for signal transmission.
14h. Reabsorption of neurotransmitters by releasing neuron.