Question

1. compare and contrast how are a substance and a solution similar? how are they different? 17. apply concepts in general, when would you use filtration to separate a mixture? when would you use distillation to separate a mixture? 18. explain describe a procedure that could be used to separate a mixture of sand and table salt. bigidea chemistry as the central science 19. give three examples of when you have separated mixtures at home.

Explanation:

1. A substance can be an element or compound, pure in nature. A solution is a homogeneous mixture. Similarity: Both have uniform composition at a macroscopic level. Difference: A substance is pure, a solution is a mixture.
2. Filtration is used when one component is solid and insoluble in the other (e.g., solid - liquid mixture where solid doesn't dissolve). Distillation is used when components have different boiling points, to separate liquid - liquid or liquid - solid mixtures where solid is soluble in liquid.
3. First, add water to the mixture. Salt dissolves, sand doesn't. Filter to remove sand. Evaporate water from the salt - water solution to get salt back.
4. Examples: Straining pasta from water (solid - liquid separation), using a coffee filter (solid - liquid separation), separating nuts from a trail - mix (solid - solid separation).

Answer:

1. Similarity: Macro - level uniform composition. Difference: Substance is pure, solution is a mixture.
2. Filtration for insoluble solid - liquid mixtures. Distillation for mixtures with different boiling points.
3. Add water, filter sand, evaporate water from salt solution.
4. Straining pasta, using coffee filter, separating nuts from trail - mix.