Question

1. draw bohr models showing how the electrons are represented in atoms of carbon and sodium.

Explanation:

Step1: Recall electron - shell rules

The first shell can hold a maximum of 2 electrons, and the second shell can hold a maximum of 8 electrons.

Step2: Determine electrons in carbon

Carbon has an atomic number of 6. So, it has 6 electrons. 2 electrons go in the first shell and 4 in the second shell. In the Bohr model, we draw a nucleus with 6 protons and 6 neutrons (for the most common isotope), and then draw two electron - shells: the first with 2 dots (representing electrons) and the second with 4 dots.

Step3: Determine electrons in sodium

Sodium has an atomic number of 11. So, it has 11 electrons. 2 electrons go in the first shell, 8 in the second shell, and 1 in the third shell. In the Bohr model, we draw a nucleus with 11 protons and 12 neutrons (for the most common isotope), and then draw three electron - shells: the first with 2 dots, the second with 8 dots, and the third with 1 dot.

Answer:

For carbon: Draw a nucleus. Around it, draw two electron - shells. The first shell has 2 dots and the second shell has 4 dots.
For sodium: Draw a nucleus. Around it, draw three electron - shells. The first shell has 2 dots, the second shell has 8 dots, and the third shell has 1 dot.