Question

1. match the element with the ionic charge they will form.

draggable item → category
phosphorus (p) → +3
calcium (ca) → +1
potassium (k) → -1
sulfur (s) → -3
aluminum (al) → +2
iodine (i) → -2

Explanation:

Step1: Determine phosphorus ion charge

Phosphorus has 5 valence - electrons and gains 3 electrons to achieve a stable octet, forming $P^{3 - }$.

Step2: Determine calcium ion charge

Calcium has 2 valence - electrons and loses 2 electrons to achieve a stable octet, forming $Ca^{2+}$.

Step3: Determine potassium ion charge

Potassium has 1 valence - electron and loses 1 electron to achieve a stable octet, forming $K^{+}$.

Step4: Determine sulfur ion charge

Sulfur has 6 valence - electrons and gains 2 electrons to achieve a stable octet, forming $S^{2 - }$.

Step5: Determine aluminum ion charge

Aluminum has 3 valence - electrons and loses 3 electrons to achieve a stable octet, forming $Al^{3+}$.

Step6: Determine iodine ion charge

Iodine has 7 valence - electrons and gains 1 electron to achieve a stable octet, forming $I^{-}$.

Answer:

Phosphorus (P) → - 3
Calcium (Ca) → + 2
Potassium (K) → + 1
Sulfur (S) → - 2
Aluminum (Al) → + 3
Iodine (I) → - 1