Question

1. (03.07 hc)

\for many americans, these four months have brought sorrow and pain that will never completely go away. last month, at the grave of her husband, michael, a cia officer and marine who died in mazar-i-sharif, shannon said these words of farewell: semper fi, my love.
shannon is with us tonight. shannon, i assure you and all who have lost a loved one that our cause is just, and our country will never forget the debt we owe michael and all who gave their lives for freedom....
we have found diagrams of american nuclear power plants and public water facilities, detailed instructions for making chemical weapons, surveillance maps of american cities, and thorough descriptions of landmarks in america and throughout the world.
thanks to the work of our law enforcement officials and coalition partners, hundreds of terrorists have been arrested, yet tens of thousands of trained terrorists are still at large. these enemies view the entire world as a battlefield, and we must pursue them wherever they are.\—from president george w. bush’s 2002 state of the union address, about four months after the september 11, 2001, tragedy
which of the following explains the use of bias in this excerpt? (3 points)

• frame of reference—the speech is written from the perspective of a person who has a liberal ideology.
• emotional appeal—it targets people’s fears by listing what they have found that could lead to further attacks.
• orientation—president george w. bush included the story of a person who lost a loved one during the attacks.
• symbolism—president george w. bush is demonstrating patriotism by stating an intention to fight against terrorism.

Explanation:

To determine the option that explains bias, we analyze each:

• "Frame of reference—the speech is written from the perspective of a person who has a liberal ideology": The excerpt is from a conservative - leaning (in the context of post - 9/11 security) speech by George W. Bush, not a liberal perspective, so this is incorrect.
• "Emotional appeal—it targets people’s fears by listing what they have found that could lead to further attacks": The excerpt focuses on arrests and the need to pursue terrorists, not on listing things to create fear. So this is incorrect.
• "Orientation—President George W. Bush included the story of a person who lost a loved one during the attacks": The excerpt starts with the story of Shannon (who lost her husband), which is an example of using a personal story to set the tone and orient the audience emotionally and thematically. This is a way to present a biased (in the sense of persuasive) view by connecting with the audience's emotions through a personal story.
• "Symbolism—President George W. Bush is demonstrating patriotism by stating an intention to fight against terrorism": The excerpt is more about reporting on arrests and the threat, not mainly about demonstrating patriotism through stating an intention. So this is incorrect.

Answer:

Orientation—President George W. Bush included the story of a person who lost a loved one during the attacks.