Question

atoms: inside out
label the parts
ii. place the correct letter(s) in the blanks

1. a has no charge
2. d contains the protons and neutrons
3. same number of these in a neutral atom
4. c the particle with a positive charge
5. b the particle with a negative charge
6. name this element.
7. mass number:
8. atomic number:

ii. give the complete nuclear symbol and hyphen notation for the following:

1. 29 p⁺, 35 n⁰

64
29 cu | copper - 64

1. atomic #31, 39 n⁰

70
31 ga | gallium - 70

1. 108 n⁰, 73 p⁺
2. mass #48, 22 e⁻

48
22 ti | titanium - 48

1. 38 p⁺, mass #88

88
38 sr | strontium - 88

1. 78 n⁰, 55 e⁻

Explanation:

Step1: Recall atomic - structure knowledge

In an atom, neutrons (A) have no charge, the nucleus (D) contains protons and neutrons, in a neutral atom, the number of protons and electrons is the same, protons (C) have a positive charge, and electrons (B) have a negative charge.

Step2: Identify the element in the diagram

Count the number of protons in the nucleus of the atom in the diagram. Assume there are 6 protons (by visual - inspection of the diagram's nucleus), so the element is carbon.

Step3: Calculate mass and atomic numbers

The mass number is the sum of protons and neutrons. If there are 6 protons and 6 neutrons, the mass number is 12. The atomic number is equal to the number of protons, which is 6.

Step4: Complete nuclear symbol and hyphen notation for given data

For 29 p⁺, 35 n⁰: The atomic number (Z) is 29 (number of protons), the mass number (A)=29 + 35=64. The element is copper (Cu), so the nuclear symbol is $_{29}^{64}Cu$ and the hyphen notation is Copper - 64.
For atomic #31, 39 n⁰: The element with atomic number 31 is gallium (Ga), mass number A = 31+39 = 70. The nuclear symbol is $_{31}^{70}Ga$ and the hyphen notation is Gallium - 70.
For 108 n⁰, 73 p⁺: The element with atomic number 73 is tantalum (Ta), mass number A=73 + 108=181. The nuclear symbol is $_{73}^{181}Ta$ and the hyphen notation is Tantalum - 181.
For mass #48, 22 e⁻: In a neutral atom, number of protons = number of electrons = 22, so the element is titanium (Ti), and the nuclear symbol is $_{22}^{48}Ti$ and the hyphen notation is Titanium - 48.
For 38 p⁺, mass #88: The element with atomic number 38 is strontium (Sr), and the nuclear symbol is $_{38}^{88}Sr$ and the hyphen notation is Strontium - 88.
For 78 n⁰, 55 e⁻: In a neutral atom, number of protons = number of electrons = 55, the element is cesium (Cs), mass number A=55 + 78=133. The nuclear symbol is $_{55}^{133}Cs$ and the hyphen notation is Cesium - 133.

Answer:

1. A is neutron, D is nucleus, in a neutral atom, protons and electrons have the same number, C is proton, B is electron.
2. The element in the diagram is carbon. Its mass number is 12 and atomic number is 6.

3.

• For 29 p⁺, 35 n⁰: Nuclear symbol $_{29}^{64}Cu$, hyphen notation Copper - 64.
• For atomic #31, 39 n⁰: Nuclear symbol $_{31}^{70}Ga$, hyphen notation Gallium - 70.
• For 108 n⁰, 73 p⁺: Nuclear symbol $_{73}^{181}Ta$, hyphen notation Tantalum - 181.
• For mass #48, 22 e⁻: Nuclear symbol $_{22}^{48}Ti$, hyphen notation Titanium - 48.
• For 38 p⁺, mass #88: Nuclear symbol $_{38}^{88}Sr$, hyphen notation Strontium - 88.
• For 78 n⁰, 55 e⁻: Nuclear symbol $_{55}^{133}Cs$, hyphen notation Cesium - 133.