Question

atoms, ions, and isotopes
part 1 vocab: use the word - bank to answer the following questions
word bank
protons, neutrons, electrons, ions, isotopes, ion charge, mass number, anion, cation

1. the number of protons in an atom determines the identity of the atom. answer:
2. in a neutral atom, protons =
3. the mass of the atom = + neutrons
4. atoms of the same element with different numbers of neutrons are called
5. isotopes are distinguished from each other by including the with the name or symbol.
6. atoms can gain or lose electrons to become an
7. a is a positive ion. there are more protons than electrons.
8. a is a negative ion. there are more electrons than protons.
9. ions are distinguished from atoms by including the as a superscript in the symbol.

part 2 ions: use the information filled into the table to help you fill in the blanks.

name	symbol	atomic #	mass #	# protons	# neutrons	# electrons	cation or anion
iron						24
				15	16	18
	f¹⁻

1. explain the difference between an atom and an ion.
2. what are some similarities between an atom and an ion?
3. draw a bohr model for a neutral aluminium atom and an aluminium ion.

Explanation:

1. An atom is electrically neutral with equal number of protons and electrons. An ion is an atom that has gained or lost electrons, resulting in a net positive or negative charge.
2. Both atoms and ions are composed of protons, neutrons, and electrons. They also belong to the same element if they have the same number of protons.
3. For a neutral Aluminium atom (Atomic number = 13), there are 13 protons, 13 electrons, and typically 14 neutrons. The electrons are arranged in 3 energy - levels: 2 in the first, 8 in the second, and 3 in the third. For an Aluminium ion ($Al^{3 + }$), it has lost 3 electrons, so it has 13 protons, 10 electrons, and 14 neutrons. The electrons are arranged with 2 in the first and 8 in the second energy - level. However, drawing the Bohr models requires a graphical representation which can't be fully provided in text but the above information gives the details to construct them.

Answer:

1. An atom is neutral; an ion has a charge due to electron gain or loss.
2. Composed of same sub - atomic particles and same element if proton number is the same.
3. Neutral Aluminium atom: 13 protons, 13 electrons (2, 8, 3 configuration), 14 neutrons. Aluminium ion ($Al^{3+}$): 13 protons, 10 electrons (2, 8 configuration), 14 neutrons.