Question

binary ionic compounds
name of ionic compound | formula of ionic compound
sodium bromide |
calcium chloride |
magnesium sulfide |
aluminum oxide |
lithium phosphide |
potassium iodide |
barium fluoride |
| $\ce{k_{2}o}$
| $\ce{mgi_{2}}$
| $\ce{alcl_{3}}$
| $\ce{cabr_{2}}$
| $\ce{na_{3}n}$
| $\ce{nacl}$

Explanation:

To solve for the formulas of binary ionic compounds (and vice versa), we use the principle of charge balance: the total positive charge from cations equals the total negative charge from anions.

1. Sodium Bromide

• Sodium ion: $\text{Na}^+$ (charge = +1)
• Bromide ion: $\text{Br}^-$ (charge = -1)
• Charge balance: $1(+1) + 1(-1) = 0$ → Formula: $\text{NaBr}$

2. Calcium Chloride

• Calcium ion: $\text{Ca}^{2+}$ (charge = +2)
• Chloride ion: $\text{Cl}^-$ (charge = -1)
• Charge balance: $1(+2) + 2(-1) = 0$ → Formula: $\text{CaCl}_2$

3. Magnesium Sulfide

• Magnesium ion: $\text{Mg}^{2+}$ (charge = +2)
• Sulfide ion: $\text{S}^{2-}$ (charge = -2)
• Charge balance: $1(+2) + 1(-2) = 0$ → Formula: $\text{MgS}$

4. Aluminum Oxide

• Aluminum ion: $\text{Al}^{3+}$ (charge = +3)
• Oxide ion: $\text{O}^{2-}$ (charge = -2)
• Charge balance: $2(+3) + 3(-2) = 0$ → Formula: $\text{Al}_2\text{O}_3$

5. Lithium Phosphide

• Lithium ion: $\text{Li}^+$ (charge = +1)
• Phosphide ion: $\text{P}^{3-}$ (charge = -3)
• Charge balance: $3(+1) + 1(-3) = 0$ → Formula: $\text{Li}_3\text{P}$

6. Potassium Iodide

• Potassium ion: $\text{K}^+$ (charge = +1)
• Iodide ion: $\text{I}^-$ (charge = -1)
• Charge balance: $1(+1) + 1(-1) = 0$ → Formula: $\text{KI}$

7. Barium Fluoride

• Barium ion: $\text{Ba}^{2+}$ (charge = +2)
• Fluoride ion: $\text{F}^-$ (charge = -1)
• Charge balance: $1(+2) + 2(-1) = 0$ → Formula: $\text{BaF}_2$

8. Name for $\boldsymbol{\text{K}_2\text{O}}$

• Cation: $\text{K}^+$ (potassium ion)
• Anion: $\text{O}^{2-}$ (oxide ion)
• Name: Potassium Oxide

9. Name for $\boldsymbol{\text{MgI}_2}$

• Cation: $\text{Mg}^{2+}$ (magnesium ion)
• Anion: $\text{I}^-$ (iodide ion)
• Name: Magnesium Iodide

10. Name for $\boldsymbol{\text{AlCl}_3}$

• Cation: $\text{Al}^{3+}$ (aluminum ion)
• Anion: $\text{Cl}^-$ (chloride ion)
• Name: Aluminum Chloride

11. Name for $\boldsymbol{\text{CaBr}_2}$

• Cation: $\text{Ca}^{2+}$ (calcium ion)
• Anion: $\text{Br}^-$ (bromide ion)
• Name: Calcium Bromide

12. Name for $\boldsymbol{\text{Na}_3\text{N}}$

• Cation: $\text{Na}^+$ (sodium ion)
• Anion: $\text{N}^{3-}$ (nitride ion)
• Name: Sodium Nitride

13. Name for $\boldsymbol{\text{NaCl}}$

• Cation: $\text{Na}^+$ (sodium ion)
• Anion: $\text{Cl}^-$ (chloride ion)
• Name: Sodium Chloride

Final Table (Filled)

Name of Ionic Compound	Formula of Ionic Compound
Calcium Chloride	$\text{CaCl}_2$
Magnesium Sulfide	$\text{MgS}$
Aluminum Oxide	$\text{Al}_2\text{O}_3$
Lithium Phosphide	$\text{Li}_3\text{P}$
Potassium Iodide	$\text{KI}$
Barium Fluoride	$\text{BaF}_2$
Potassium Oxide	$\text{K}_2\text{O}$
Magnesium Iodide	$\text{MgI}_2$
Aluminum Chloride	$\text{AlCl}_3$
Calcium Bromide	$\text{CaBr}_2$
Sodium Nitride	$\text{Na}_3\text{N}$
Sodium Chloride	$\text{NaCl}$

(Note: The last row in the original table, “NaCl,” is Sodium Chloride, as filled above.)

Answer:

To solve for the formulas of binary ionic compounds (and vice versa), we use the principle of charge balance: the total positive charge from cations equals the total negative charge from anions.

1. Sodium Bromide

• Sodium ion: $\text{Na}^+$ (charge = +1)
• Bromide ion: $\text{Br}^-$ (charge = -1)
• Charge balance: $1(+1) + 1(-1) = 0$ → Formula: $\text{NaBr}$

2. Calcium Chloride

• Calcium ion: $\text{Ca}^{2+}$ (charge = +2)
• Chloride ion: $\text{Cl}^-$ (charge = -1)
• Charge balance: $1(+2) + 2(-1) = 0$ → Formula: $\text{CaCl}_2$

3. Magnesium Sulfide

• Magnesium ion: $\text{Mg}^{2+}$ (charge = +2)
• Sulfide ion: $\text{S}^{2-}$ (charge = -2)
• Charge balance: $1(+2) + 1(-2) = 0$ → Formula: $\text{MgS}$

4. Aluminum Oxide

• Aluminum ion: $\text{Al}^{3+}$ (charge = +3)
• Oxide ion: $\text{O}^{2-}$ (charge = -2)
• Charge balance: $2(+3) + 3(-2) = 0$ → Formula: $\text{Al}_2\text{O}_3$

5. Lithium Phosphide

• Lithium ion: $\text{Li}^+$ (charge = +1)
• Phosphide ion: $\text{P}^{3-}$ (charge = -3)
• Charge balance: $3(+1) + 1(-3) = 0$ → Formula: $\text{Li}_3\text{P}$

6. Potassium Iodide

• Potassium ion: $\text{K}^+$ (charge = +1)
• Iodide ion: $\text{I}^-$ (charge = -1)
• Charge balance: $1(+1) + 1(-1) = 0$ → Formula: $\text{KI}$

7. Barium Fluoride

• Barium ion: $\text{Ba}^{2+}$ (charge = +2)
• Fluoride ion: $\text{F}^-$ (charge = -1)
• Charge balance: $1(+2) + 2(-1) = 0$ → Formula: $\text{BaF}_2$

8. Name for $\boldsymbol{\text{K}_2\text{O}}$

• Cation: $\text{K}^+$ (potassium ion)
• Anion: $\text{O}^{2-}$ (oxide ion)
• Name: Potassium Oxide

9. Name for $\boldsymbol{\text{MgI}_2}$

• Cation: $\text{Mg}^{2+}$ (magnesium ion)
• Anion: $\text{I}^-$ (iodide ion)
• Name: Magnesium Iodide

10. Name for $\boldsymbol{\text{AlCl}_3}$

• Cation: $\text{Al}^{3+}$ (aluminum ion)
• Anion: $\text{Cl}^-$ (chloride ion)
• Name: Aluminum Chloride

11. Name for $\boldsymbol{\text{CaBr}_2}$

• Cation: $\text{Ca}^{2+}$ (calcium ion)
• Anion: $\text{Br}^-$ (bromide ion)
• Name: Calcium Bromide

12. Name for $\boldsymbol{\text{Na}_3\text{N}}$

• Cation: $\text{Na}^+$ (sodium ion)
• Anion: $\text{N}^{3-}$ (nitride ion)
• Name: Sodium Nitride

13. Name for $\boldsymbol{\text{NaCl}}$

• Cation: $\text{Na}^+$ (sodium ion)
• Anion: $\text{Cl}^-$ (chloride ion)
• Name: Sodium Chloride

Final Table (Filled)

Name of Ionic Compound	Formula of Ionic Compound
Calcium Chloride	$\text{CaCl}_2$
Magnesium Sulfide	$\text{MgS}$
Aluminum Oxide	$\text{Al}_2\text{O}_3$
Lithium Phosphide	$\text{Li}_3\text{P}$
Potassium Iodide	$\text{KI}$
Barium Fluoride	$\text{BaF}_2$
Potassium Oxide	$\text{K}_2\text{O}$
Magnesium Iodide	$\text{MgI}_2$
Aluminum Chloride	$\text{AlCl}_3$
Calcium Bromide	$\text{CaBr}_2$
Sodium Nitride	$\text{Na}_3\text{N}$
Sodium Chloride	$\text{NaCl}$

(Note: The last row in the original table, “NaCl,” is Sodium Chloride, as filled above.)