Question

chemistry 327 prep ii
cycle 1 lecture hw
name: antoine g, sec:__ page:__
integrity statement: i affirm that this assignment is my own original work. i have not given or received any unauthorized assistance to/from other students, and i have not copied content from internet sources or used ai tools irresponsibly to obtain answers to questions. ______initials
directions: answer the following questions in complete sentences using the space provided. you can use your notes and your textbook as a reference. if you find a topic in your notes or book that you are not certain about you can use ai tools to tutor you based on the note - but be mindful not to let the ai do the homework for you. be thoughtful and clear in your explanations.
definitions: using your textbook, write the definition for the following terms
1.) chemistry: _____________________
___________________________________
2.) matter: _______________________
___________________________________
3.) solid: ________________________
___________________________________
4.) liquid: _______________________
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5.) gas: _________________________
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multiple choice: choose the best answer for each prompt below. write the letter of your answer on the line provided.
______6.) what state of matter is described as having a shape that is it’s own and particles that vibrate in place?
a. gas b. liquid c. solid d. plasma
______7.) gases are unique because they are the only state of matter with what property?
a. can be compressed c. expands to fill volume of container
b. expands to take shape of container d. all of the above
______8.) what is the state of matter change called when a solid becomes a liquid?
a. freezing b. melting c. boiling d. condensation e. sublimation f. deposition
______9.) a student is trying to see what temperature water turns into ice at during a lab experiment. what state change best describes what occurs during the experiment?
a. a solid becomes a gas c. a solid becomes a liquid e. a liquid becomes a gas
b. a gas becomes a solid d. a liquid becomes a solid f. a gas becomes a liquid
______10.) a student is enjoying a nice cold, refreshing cherry coke in the café when they notice that their cup is sitting in a small puddle of clear liquid. what state change best describes what occurs during their lunch break?
a. a solid becomes a gas c. a solid becomes a liquid e. a liquid becomes a gas
b. a gas becomes a solid d. a liquid becomes a solid f. a gas becomes a liquid
investigate: find 3 different substances going through a state change in your house/world around you. fill in the chart below to describe the matter you have selected.
substance | initial state of matter | final state of matter | state change occurring
example: ice cube | solid | liquid | melting
(three empty rows)

Explanation:

Definitions

1. Chemistry: The scientific study of the composition, structure, properties, and reactions of matter, especially of atomic and molecular systems.
2. Matter: Anything that has mass and occupies space (has volume).
3. Solid: A state of matter with a definite shape and volume, where particles are closely packed and vibrate in fixed positions.
4. Liquid: A state of matter with a definite volume but no definite shape, taking the shape of its container; particles are close but can move past one another.
5. Gas: A state of matter with no definite shape or volume, expanding to fill its container; particles are far apart and move freely.

Multiple Choice

1. To determine the state of matter with its own shape and particles vibrating in place:

• Solids have a definite shape, and their particles vibrate in fixed positions. Gases and liquids do not have a definite shape (gases expand, liquids take the container’s shape), and plasma is a high - energy state with free - moving charged particles. So the answer is c. Solid.

1. For the unique property of gases:

• Gases can be compressed (because there is space between particles), they expand to fill the volume of their container, and they also expand to take the shape of the container. So all the properties (a, b, c) are true for gases. Thus the answer is d. All of the above.

1. When a solid becomes a liquid:

• Melting is the process where a solid changes to a liquid (e.g., ice to water). Freezing is liquid to solid, boiling is liquid to gas, condensation is gas to liquid, sublimation is solid to gas, and deposition is gas to solid. So the answer is b. Melting.

1. For water turning into ice:

• Water (liquid) turning into ice (solid) is a liquid - to - solid change. Option d describes this (a liquid becomes a solid).

1. For the puddle around the cold drink cup:

• The cold cup causes water vapor (gas) in the air to change to liquid water (the puddle). This is condensation, which is a gas - to - liquid change. So the answer is f. A gas becomes a liquid.

Investigate (Examples)

Substance	Initial State of Matter	Final State of Matter	State Change Occurring
Water in a pot (heating)	Liquid	Gas	Boiling (Vaporization)
Water vapor in the air (near a cold window)	Gas	Liquid	Condensation
Dry ice (solid carbon dioxide)	Solid	Gas	Sublimation

Answer:

Definitions

1. Chemistry: The scientific study of the composition, structure, properties, and reactions of matter, especially of atomic and molecular systems.
2. Matter: Anything that has mass and occupies space (has volume).
3. Solid: A state of matter with a definite shape and volume, where particles are closely packed and vibrate in fixed positions.
4. Liquid: A state of matter with a definite volume but no definite shape, taking the shape of its container; particles are close but can move past one another.
5. Gas: A state of matter with no definite shape or volume, expanding to fill its container; particles are far apart and move freely.

Multiple Choice

1. To determine the state of matter with its own shape and particles vibrating in place:

• Solids have a definite shape, and their particles vibrate in fixed positions. Gases and liquids do not have a definite shape (gases expand, liquids take the container’s shape), and plasma is a high - energy state with free - moving charged particles. So the answer is c. Solid.

1. For the unique property of gases:

• Gases can be compressed (because there is space between particles), they expand to fill the volume of their container, and they also expand to take the shape of the container. So all the properties (a, b, c) are true for gases. Thus the answer is d. All of the above.

1. When a solid becomes a liquid:

• Melting is the process where a solid changes to a liquid (e.g., ice to water). Freezing is liquid to solid, boiling is liquid to gas, condensation is gas to liquid, sublimation is solid to gas, and deposition is gas to solid. So the answer is b. Melting.

1. For water turning into ice:

• Water (liquid) turning into ice (solid) is a liquid - to - solid change. Option d describes this (a liquid becomes a solid).

1. For the puddle around the cold drink cup:

• The cold cup causes water vapor (gas) in the air to change to liquid water (the puddle). This is condensation, which is a gas - to - liquid change. So the answer is f. A gas becomes a liquid.

Investigate (Examples)

Substance	Initial State of Matter	Final State of Matter	State Change Occurring
Water in a pot (heating)	Liquid	Gas	Boiling (Vaporization)
Water vapor in the air (near a cold window)	Gas	Liquid	Condensation
Dry ice (solid carbon dioxide)	Solid	Gas	Sublimation