Question

1. compare and contrast each of the following terms: a. mass and matter b. atom and compound c. physical property and chemical property d. homogeneous mixture and heterogeneous mixture 5. using circles to represent particles, draw a diagram that compares the arrangement of particles in the solid, liquid, and gas states. 6. how is energy involved in chemical and physical changes?

Explanation:

a. Matter is anything that has mass and takes up space. Mass is a measure of the amount of matter in an object.
b. An atom is the smallest unit of an element that has the chemical properties of that element. A compound is a substance made up of two or more different types of atoms chemically bonded together.
c. A physical property is a characteristic of a substance that can be observed or measured without changing the identity of the substance, like color or melting - point. A chemical property is a characteristic that describes how a substance changes into a different substance during a chemical reaction, like flammability.
d. A homogeneous mixture has a uniform composition throughout, like salt - water. A heterogeneous mixture has a non - uniform composition, with visible different parts, like a salad.
For the diagram of particle arrangement: In a solid, particles are closely packed in an orderly arrangement. In a liquid, particles are close together but can move past one another. In a gas, particles are far apart and move freely.
For energy in changes: In physical changes, energy is mainly used for phase changes (e.g., melting requires heat to break the attractive forces between particles). In chemical changes, energy is involved in breaking and forming chemical bonds. Endothermic reactions absorb energy, while exothermic reactions release energy.

Answer:

a. Matter is what has mass and occupies space; mass is amount of matter.
b. Atom is smallest element unit; compound has different atoms bonded.
c. Physical property: observed without changing substance; chemical property: describes substance change in reaction.
d. Homogeneous: uniform; heterogeneous: non - uniform.
Diagram: Solid - closely packed and orderly; Liquid - close and movable; Gas - far apart and free - moving.
Energy: Physical changes - phase change energy; Chemical changes - bond - breaking/forming, endo/exothermic.