Question

exercise

1. state the three main type of salt and example each

1. state any 4 properties of salt

1. give two difference between strong acid and weak acid

Explanation:

Sub - Question 1: State the three main types of salt and an example each

• Acidic Salt: Formed when a strong acid reacts with a weak base or when a polybasic acid is partially neutralized. Example: Sodium bisulfate ($\ce{NaHSO4}$), formed from the partial neutralization of sulfuric acid ($\ce{H2SO4}$) with sodium hydroxide ($\ce{NaOH}$).
• Basic Salt: Formed when a strong base reacts with a weak acid or when a polyacidic base is partially neutralized. Example: Calcium hydroxide chloride ($\ce{Ca(OH)Cl}$), formed from the partial neutralization of calcium hydroxide ($\ce{Ca(OH)2}$) with hydrochloric acid ($\ce{HCl}$).
• Neutral Salt: Formed from the complete neutralization of a strong acid and a strong base. Example: Sodium chloride ($\ce{NaCl}$), formed from the reaction of hydrochloric acid ($\ce{HCl}$) and sodium hydroxide ($\ce{NaOH}$).

• Physical State: Most salts are solids at room temperature. For example, sodium chloride ($\ce{NaCl}$) and potassium nitrate ($\ce{KNO3}$) are crystalline solids.
• Solubility in Water: Many salts are soluble in water. For example, sodium chloride ($\ce{NaCl}$), potassium chloride ($\ce{KCl}$) are soluble. However, some like silver chloride ($\ce{AgCl}$) are insoluble.
• Melting and Boiling Points: Salts generally have high melting and boiling points. For example, sodium chloride has a melting point of about $801^{\circ}C$ and a boiling point of about $1465^{\circ}C$ due to strong ionic bonding.
• Electrical Conductivity: In the molten state or in aqueous solution, salts can conduct electricity as they dissociate into ions. For example, molten sodium chloride conducts electricity as $\ce{Na+}$ and $\ce{Cl-}$ ions are free to move.

• Degree of Ionization: A strong acid ionizes completely in aqueous solution. For example, hydrochloric acid ($\ce{HCl}$) ionizes as $\ce{HCl -> H+ + Cl-}$ (almost 100% ionization). A weak acid ionizes partially in aqueous solution. For example, acetic acid ($\ce{CH3COOH}$) ionizes as $\ce{CH3COOH <=> H+ + CH3COO-}$ (only a small fraction of molecules ionize).
• Strength of Conjugate Base: The conjugate base of a strong acid is a weak base. For example, the conjugate base of $\ce{HCl}$ (i.e., $\ce{Cl-}$) is a very weak base. The conjugate base of a weak acid is a strong base. For example, the conjugate base of $\ce{CH3COOH}$ (i.e., $\ce{CH3COO-}$) is a relatively strong base.

Answer:

1. Acidic Salt - Example: $\ce{NaHSO4}$
2. Basic Salt - Example: $\ce{Ca(OH)Cl}$
3. Neutral Salt - Example: $\ce{NaCl}$

Sub - Question 2: State any 4 properties of salt