Question

give formulas for the following acids: 13. hypochlorous acid 14. hydrobromic acid 15. periodic acid 16. nitrous acid

Explanation:

Step1: Recall acid - naming rules

For binary acids (acids with hydrogen and one other non - metal), the prefix "hydro -" is used followed by the non - metal name with the ending changed to "-ic" and then "acid". For oxyacids (acids with hydrogen, oxygen, and another element), different prefixes and suffixes are used based on the number of oxygen atoms.

Step2: Determine the formula for hypochlorous acid

Hypochlorous acid is an oxyacid. The "hypo -" prefix and "-ous" suffix indicate the least number of oxygen atoms among the related oxyacids. Chlorine has an oxidation state of + 1 in hypochlorous acid. The formula is $HClO$.

Step3: Determine the formula for hydrobromic acid

Hydrobromic acid is a binary acid. It consists of hydrogen and bromine. The formula is $HBr$.

Step4: Determine the formula for periodic acid

Periodic acid is an oxyacid of iodine. The "-ic" suffix for an oxyacid of iodine with the maximum number of oxygen atoms gives the formula $HIO_4$.

Step5: Determine the formula for nitrous acid

Nitrous acid is an oxyacid of nitrogen. The "-ous" suffix indicates one less oxygen atom compared to the "-ic" acid (nitric acid). The formula is $HNO_2$.

Answer:

1. $HClO$
2. $HBr$
3. $HIO_4$
4. $HNO_2$