Question

matter and energy
true/false. write t if the statement is true and f if the statement is false.

1. an amorphous solid has long range, repeating order.
2. liquids have definite volume and indefinite shape.
3. in a solid substance, the atoms or molecules oscillate and vibrate about a fixed point.
4. air is a pure substance.
5. saltwater is a homogeneous mixture.
6. sugar is a pure substance.
7. flammability of gasoline is a chemical property.
8. the melting of ice is a physical change.
9. the corrosion of iron is a physical change.
10. a chemical change occurs when matter does not change its composition.
11. like mass, energy can neither be created nor destroyed.
12. electrical energy is associated with the flow of electrical charge.
13. the coldest temperature possible is 0 k.

multiple choice. choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.

1. a solid form of matter in which there is long range repeating order is called?

a) fixed
b) rigid
c) amorphous
d) crystalline
e) none of the above

1. which among the following statements is false?

a) a liquid has a definite volume; but it has no definite shape.
b) a solid has a definite shape and a definite volume.
c) both solids and liquids are incompressible while gases are compressible.
d) a gas has neither definite volume nor definite shape.
e) none of the above

Answer:

TRUE/FALSE Answers:

1. An amorphous solid has long - range, repeating order.

Amorphous solids have short - range order, not long - range repeating order. So the answer is F.

1. Liquids have definite volume and indefinite shape.

Liquids take the shape of their container (indefinite shape) but have a fixed volume. So the answer is T.

1. In a solid substance, the atoms or molecules oscillate and vibrate about a fixed point.

In solids, particles are closely packed and vibrate around fixed positions. So the answer is T.

1. Air is a pure substance.

Air is a mixture of gases (like nitrogen, oxygen, etc.). So the answer is F.

1. Saltwater is a homogeneous mixture.

Salt dissolves uniformly in water, so saltwater has a uniform composition throughout. So the answer is T.

1. Sugar is a pure substance.

Sugar (e.g., sucrose) has a fixed chemical composition. So the answer is T.

1. Flammability of gasoline is a chemical property.

Flammability refers to the ability to undergo combustion (a chemical change), so it is a chemical property. So the answer is T.

1. The melting of ice is a physical change.

Melting of ice is a change of state (solid to liquid) with no change in chemical composition. So the answer is T.

1. The corrosion of iron is a physical change.

Corrosion of iron involves the formation of new substances (like rust), so it is a chemical change. So the answer is F.

1. A chemical change occurs when matter does not change its composition.

A chemical change involves a change in the chemical composition of matter. So the answer is F.

1. Like mass, energy can neither be created nor destroyed.

This is the law of conservation of energy. So the answer is T.

1. Electrical energy is associated with the flow of electrical charge.

Electrical energy is related to the movement of charged particles (current). So the answer is T.

1. The coldest temperature possible is 0 K.

0 Kelvin is absolute zero, the lowest possible temperature. So the answer is T.

MULTIPLE CHOICE Answers:

1. A solid form of matter in which there is long - range repeating order is called?

• Option A: “fixed” is not a term for this type of solid.
• Option B: “rigid” describes a property of solids but not the order.
• Option C: Amorphous solids have short - range order.
• Option D: Crystalline solids have long - range repeating order.
• Option E: Not applicable as D is correct.

So the answer is D. crystalline

1. Which among the following statements is false?

• Option A: A liquid has definite volume and indefinite shape (correct).
• Option B: A solid has definite shape and definite volume (correct).
• Option C: Solids and liquids are incompressible, gases are compressible (correct).
• Option D: A gas has neither definite volume nor definite shape (correct).
• Option E: Since A - D are correct, the false statement is none of the above. Wait, no, let's re - check. Wait, option A: “A liquid has a definite volume; but it has no definite shape.” is correct. Option B: “A solid has a definite shape and a definite volume.” is correct. Option C: “Both solids and liquids are incompressible while gases are compressible.” is correct. Option D: “A gas has neither definite volume nor definite shape.” is correct. So the false statement is none of the above? Wait, no, the question is which is false. Wait, maybe I made a mistake. Wait, option A: A liquid has definite volume, no definite shape (correct). Option B: Solid has definite shape and volume (correct). Option C: Solids and liquids are incompressible (correct, because their particles are close together), gases are compressible (correct). Option D: Gas has no definite volume or shape (correct). So all A - D are correct, so the answer is E) none of the above.

Final Answers (in order):

1. F
2. T
3. T
4. F
5. T
6. T
7. T
8. T
9. F
10. F
11. T
12. T
13. T
14. D. crystalline
15. E) none of the above