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name: name redacted mod: 3b date: abc 3: ionic bonding activity (binary compounds): instructions: for each atom combination, do the following using a periodic table: (do at least 15 combinations). you do not need to go in order. do all of them for extra credit points. 1. identify the metal and the non - metal. 2. determine the number of valence electrons each has. 3. for the metal, use pom - poms to represent the electrons. 4. transfer the electrons (pom - poms) to the nonmetals empty orbitals. 5. determine how many of each atom is required to fill all the empty electron orbitals on the non - metal, but also be sure that you do not have any electrons left over. 6. turn the foam atoms over to see what kind of ions they form. 7. write the formula. atoms to react metal atom # of metal valence electrons metal ion charge non - metal atom # of non - metal valence electrons non - metal ion charge # of metal atoms # of non - metal atoms formula name of compound 1 na + f 2 cs + o 3 be + i 4 ga + cl 5 al + o 6 mg + s 7 be + p 8 rb + br 9 li + s 10 mg + br 11 al + cl
Step1: Identify metal and non - metal for Na + F
Na (sodium) is a metal, F (fluorine) is a non - metal.
Step2: Determine valence electrons
Na has 1 valence electron, F has 7 valence electrons.
Step3: Determine ion charges
Na forms a + 1 ion (loses 1 electron), F forms a - 1 ion (gains 1 electron).
Step4: Determine number of atoms
1 Na and 1 F are required to form a neutral compound.
Step5: Write formula and name
The formula is NaF, and the name is sodium fluoride.
For Cs + O:
Step1: Identify metal and non - metal
Cs (cesium) is a metal, O (oxygen) is a non - metal.
Step2: Determine valence electrons
Cs has 1 valence electron, O has 6 valence electrons.
Step3: Determine ion charges
Cs forms a + 1 ion, O forms a - 2 ion.
Step4: Determine number of atoms
2 Cs atoms are needed to balance the - 2 charge of O.
Step5: Write formula and name
The formula is Cs₂O, and the name is cesium oxide.
For Be + I:
Step1: Identify metal and non - metal
Be (beryllium) is a metal, I (iodine) is a non - metal.
Step2: Determine valence electrons
Be has 2 valence electrons, I has 7 valence electrons.
Step3: Determine ion charges
Be forms a + 2 ion, I forms a - 1 ion.
Step4: Determine number of atoms
2 I atoms are needed for 1 Be atom.
Step5: Write formula and name
The formula is BeI₂, and the name is beryllium iodide.
For Ga + Cl:
Step1: Identify metal and non - metal
Ga (gallium) is a metal, Cl (chlorine) is a non - metal.
Step2: Determine valence electrons
Ga has 3 valence electrons, Cl has 7 valence electrons.
Step3: Determine ion charges
Ga forms a + 3 ion, Cl forms a - 1 ion.
Step4: Determine number of atoms
3 Cl atoms are needed for 1 Ga atom.
Step5: Write formula and name
The formula is GaCl₃, and the name is gallium chloride.
For Al + O:
Step1: Identify metal and non - metal
Al (aluminum) is a metal, O (oxygen) is a non - metal.
Step2: Determine valence electrons
Al has 3 valence electrons, O has 6 valence electrons.
Step3: Determine ion charges
Al forms a + 3 ion, O forms a - 2 ion.
Step4: Determine number of atoms
2 Al and 3 O atoms are needed to balance charges.
Step5: Write formula and name
The formula is Al₂O₃, and the name is aluminum oxide.
For Mg + S:
Step1: Identify metal and non - metal
Mg (magnesium) is a metal, S (sulfur) is a non - metal.
Step2: Determine valence electrons
Mg has 2 valence electrons, S has 6 valence electrons.
Step3: Determine ion charges
Mg forms a + 2 ion, S forms a - 2 ion.
Step4: Determine number of atoms
1 Mg and 1 S are needed.
Step5: Write formula and name
The formula is MgS, and the name is magnesium sulfide.
For Be + P:
Step1: Identify metal and non - metal
Be is a metal, P (phosphorus) is a non - metal.
Step2: Determine valence electrons
Be has 2 valence electrons, P has 5 valence electrons.
Step3: Determine ion charges
Be forms a + 2 ion, P forms a - 3 ion.
Step4: Determine number of atoms
3 Be and 2 P atoms are needed to balance charges.
Step5: Write formula and name
The formula is Be₃P₂, and the name is beryllium phosphide.
For Rb + Br:
Step1: Identify metal and non - metal
Rb (rubidium) is a metal, Br (bromine) is a non - metal.
Step2: Determine valence electrons
Rb has 1 valence electron, Br has 7 valence electrons.
Step3: Determine ion charges
Rb forms a + 1 ion, Br forms a - 1 ion.
Step4: Determine number of atoms
1 Rb and 1 Br are needed.
Step5: Write formula and name
The formula is RbBr, and the name is rubidium bromide.
For Li + S:
Step1: Identify metal and non - metal
Li…
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Step1: Identify metal and non - metal for Na + F
Na (sodium) is a metal, F (fluorine) is a non - metal.
Step2: Determine valence electrons
Na has 1 valence electron, F has 7 valence electrons.
Step3: Determine ion charges
Na forms a + 1 ion (loses 1 electron), F forms a - 1 ion (gains 1 electron).
Step4: Determine number of atoms
1 Na and 1 F are required to form a neutral compound.
Step5: Write formula and name
The formula is NaF, and the name is sodium fluoride.
For Cs + O:
Step1: Identify metal and non - metal
Cs (cesium) is a metal, O (oxygen) is a non - metal.
Step2: Determine valence electrons
Cs has 1 valence electron, O has 6 valence electrons.
Step3: Determine ion charges
Cs forms a + 1 ion, O forms a - 2 ion.
Step4: Determine number of atoms
2 Cs atoms are needed to balance the - 2 charge of O.
Step5: Write formula and name
The formula is Cs₂O, and the name is cesium oxide.
For Be + I:
Step1: Identify metal and non - metal
Be (beryllium) is a metal, I (iodine) is a non - metal.
Step2: Determine valence electrons
Be has 2 valence electrons, I has 7 valence electrons.
Step3: Determine ion charges
Be forms a + 2 ion, I forms a - 1 ion.
Step4: Determine number of atoms
2 I atoms are needed for 1 Be atom.
Step5: Write formula and name
The formula is BeI₂, and the name is beryllium iodide.
For Ga + Cl:
Step1: Identify metal and non - metal
Ga (gallium) is a metal, Cl (chlorine) is a non - metal.
Step2: Determine valence electrons
Ga has 3 valence electrons, Cl has 7 valence electrons.
Step3: Determine ion charges
Ga forms a + 3 ion, Cl forms a - 1 ion.
Step4: Determine number of atoms
3 Cl atoms are needed for 1 Ga atom.
Step5: Write formula and name
The formula is GaCl₃, and the name is gallium chloride.
For Al + O:
Step1: Identify metal and non - metal
Al (aluminum) is a metal, O (oxygen) is a non - metal.
Step2: Determine valence electrons
Al has 3 valence electrons, O has 6 valence electrons.
Step3: Determine ion charges
Al forms a + 3 ion, O forms a - 2 ion.
Step4: Determine number of atoms
2 Al and 3 O atoms are needed to balance charges.
Step5: Write formula and name
The formula is Al₂O₃, and the name is aluminum oxide.
For Mg + S:
Step1: Identify metal and non - metal
Mg (magnesium) is a metal, S (sulfur) is a non - metal.
Step2: Determine valence electrons
Mg has 2 valence electrons, S has 6 valence electrons.
Step3: Determine ion charges
Mg forms a + 2 ion, S forms a - 2 ion.
Step4: Determine number of atoms
1 Mg and 1 S are needed.
Step5: Write formula and name
The formula is MgS, and the name is magnesium sulfide.
For Be + P:
Step1: Identify metal and non - metal
Be is a metal, P (phosphorus) is a non - metal.
Step2: Determine valence electrons
Be has 2 valence electrons, P has 5 valence electrons.
Step3: Determine ion charges
Be forms a + 2 ion, P forms a - 3 ion.
Step4: Determine number of atoms
3 Be and 2 P atoms are needed to balance charges.
Step5: Write formula and name
The formula is Be₃P₂, and the name is beryllium phosphide.
For Rb + Br:
Step1: Identify metal and non - metal
Rb (rubidium) is a metal, Br (bromine) is a non - metal.
Step2: Determine valence electrons
Rb has 1 valence electron, Br has 7 valence electrons.
Step3: Determine ion charges
Rb forms a + 1 ion, Br forms a - 1 ion.
Step4: Determine number of atoms
1 Rb and 1 Br are needed.
Step5: Write formula and name
The formula is RbBr, and the name is rubidium bromide.
For Li + S:
Step1: Identify metal and non - metal
Li (lithium) is a metal, S is a non - metal.
Step2: Determine valence electrons
Li has 1 valence electron, S has 6 valence electrons.
Step3: Determine ion charges
Li forms a + 1 ion, S forms a - 2 ion.
Step4: Determine number of atoms
2 Li atoms are needed for 1 S atom.
Step5: Write formula and name
The formula is Li₂S, and the name is lithium sulfide.
For Mg + Br:
Step1: Identify metal and non - metal
Mg is a metal, Br is a non - metal.
Step2: Determine valence electrons
Mg has 2 valence electrons, Br has 7 valence electrons.
Step3: Determine ion charges
Mg forms a + 2 ion, Br forms a - 1 ion.
Step4: Determine number of atoms
2 Br atoms are needed for 1 Mg atom.
Step5: Write formula and name
The formula is MgBr₂, and the name is magnesium bromide.
For Al + Cl:
Step1: Identify metal and non - metal
Al is a metal, Cl is a non - metal.
Step2: Determine valence electrons
Al has 3 valence electrons, Cl has 7 valence electrons.
Step3: Determine ion charges
Al forms a + 3 ion, Cl forms a - 1 ion.
Step4: Determine number of atoms
3 Cl atoms are needed for 1 Al atom.
Step5: Write formula and name
The formula is AlCl₃, and the name is aluminum chloride.
| Atoms to React | Metal Atom | # of Metal Valence Electrons | Metal Ion Charge | Non - metal Atom | # of Non - metal Valence Electrons | Non - metal Ion Charge | # of Metal atoms | # of Non - metal atoms | Formula | Name of Compound |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cs + O | Cs | 1 | + 1 | O | 6 | - 2 | 2 | 1 | Cs₂O | Cesium oxide |
| Be + I | Be | 2 | + 2 | I | 7 | - 1 | 1 | 2 | BeI₂ | Beryllium iodide |
| Ga + Cl | Ga | 3 | + 3 | Cl | 7 | - 1 | 1 | 3 | GaCl₃ | Gallium chloride |
| Al + O | Al | 3 | + 3 | O | 6 | - 2 | 2 | 3 | Al₂O₃ | Aluminum oxide |
| Mg + S | Mg | 2 | + 2 | S | 6 | - 2 | 1 | 1 | MgS | Magnesium sulfide |
| Be + P | Be | 2 | + 2 | P | 5 | - 3 | 3 | 2 | Be₃P₂ | Beryllium phosphide |
| Rb + Br | Rb | 1 | + 1 | Br | 7 | - 1 | 1 | 1 | RbBr | Rubidium bromide |
| Li + S | Li | 1 | + 1 | S | 6 | - 2 | 2 | 1 | Li₂S | Lithium sulfide |
| Mg + Br | Mg | 2 | + 2 | Br | 7 | - 1 | 1 | 2 | MgBr₂ | Magnesium bromide |
| Al + Cl | Al | 3 | + 3 | Cl | 7 | - 1 | 1 | 3 | AlCl₃ | Aluminum chloride |