Question

name ____________ period ____________ history of atomic theory
fill in the missing information in the chart below:

name of researcher	equipment/experiment	sketch of model	major idea/discovery
thomson	cathode - ray tube
rutherford	gold
	n/a		electrons travel around the nucleus in well - defined paths called orbits (like planets in a solar system)
	n/a		electrons have distinct amounts of energy and move in areas called orbitals. developed after the fundamental discovery that energy can behave as both waves & particles

Explanation:

Thomson discovered the electron using a cathode - ray tube and proposed the plum - pudding model of the atom. Rutherford's gold foil experiment led to the discovery of the atomic nucleus, and his model showed a small, dense, positively - charged nucleus with electrons outside. The model with electrons in well - defined orbits around the nucleus is Bohr's model. The model with electrons in orbitals with distinct energy levels is the quantum mechanical model.

Answer:

Name of Researcher	Equipment/Experiment	Sketch of Model	Major Idea/Discovery
Thomson	Cathode - ray tube	Plum - pudding model (a sphere of positive charge with electrons embedded)	Discovery of the electron
Rutherford	Gold foil experiment	Nuclear model (small, dense nucleus with electrons outside)	Discovery of the atomic nucleus
Bohr	N/A	Planetary model (electrons in orbits around nucleus)	Electrons travel around the nucleus in well - defined paths called orbits
Quantum Mechanics Scientists (e.g., Schrödinger etc.)	N/A	Orbital model (electrons in orbitals with distinct energy levels)	Electrons have distinct amounts of energy and move in areas called orbitals