Question

one brand of vinegar has a ph of 4.5. another brand has a ph of 5.0. the equation for the ph of a substance is ph = - log h⁺, where h⁺ is the concentration of hydrogen ions. what is the approximate difference in the concentration of hydrogen ions between the two brands of vinegar? 3.2×10⁻¹ 2.2×10⁻⁵ 6.8×10⁴ 3.2×10¹

Explanation:

Step1: Find $[H^+]$ for pH = 4.5

Given $pH=-\log[H^+]$, then $[H^+]=10^{-pH}$. When $pH = 4.5$, $[H^+]_1=10^{- 4.5}=3.162\times10^{-5}$.

Step2: Find $[H^+]$ for pH = 5.0

When $pH = 5.0$, $[H^+]_2=10^{-5}=1\times10^{-5}$.

Step3: Calculate the difference

The difference $\Delta[H^+]=[H^+]_1 - [H^+]_2=3.162\times10^{-5}-1\times10^{-5}=(3.162 - 1)\times10^{-5}=2.162\times10^{-5}\approx2.2\times10^{-5}$.

Answer:

$2.2\times10^{-5}$