Question

surface tension: go to the following link (you may have to sign in with your school gmail), fill out the table, and answer the following questions: https://interactives.ck12.org/simulations/chemistry/intermolecular - forces/app/index.html?screen=sandbox
substance name number of drops before spilling
hexane
chloroform
water

1. which substance above had the highest surface tension?
2. using the properties in the lewis structure table, explain why it had more surface tension

Explanation:

Step1: Recall surface - tension concept

Higher surface - tension allows a liquid to hold more drops before spilling.

Step2: Conduct the experiment

Go to the provided link https://interactives.ck12.org/simulations/chemistry/intermolecular - forces/app/index.html?screen=sandbox, sign in if required, and fill out the table to find the number of drops for each substance before spilling.

Step3: Determine the substance with highest surface - tension

The substance with the most drops before spilling has the highest surface - tension.

Step4: Analyze using Lewis structure

For water, its Lewis structure shows that it has two hydrogen - bonding sites due to the two lone pairs on the oxygen atom and two O - H bonds. Hydrogen bonding is a strong intermolecular force. Hexane has only weak London dispersion forces as it is a non - polar molecule. Chloroform has dipole - dipole forces due to its polar nature, but these are weaker than the hydrogen bonding in water.

Answer:

1. After conducting the experiment on the website, the substance with the highest number of drops before spilling (and thus the highest surface - tension) is usually water.
2. Water has more surface tension because it has strong hydrogen - bonding intermolecular forces due to its Lewis structure, which shows two lone pairs on the oxygen atom and two O - H bonds. Hexane has weak London dispersion forces and chloroform has weaker dipole - dipole forces compared to water's hydrogen bonding.