Question

which of the following statements about the valence electrons is false?
select one:
a. valence electrons are involved in bonding.
b. valence electrons are found in the outermost energy level.
c. number of valence electrons determines whether atom forms a covalent or ionic bond.
d. valence electrons are found in the nucleus.

which two of the following atoms are unstable and are likely to form a chemical bond?

select one:
a. i and ii
b. ii and iii
c. ii and iv
d. iii and iv

Explanation:

Step1: Analyze first question statements

Valence electrons are outer-shell electrons involved in bonding; the nucleus contains protons/neutrons, not electrons.

Step2: Identify false first question statement

Statement d claims valence electrons are in the nucleus, which is false.

Step3: Analyze second question atom stability

Atoms are stable with full valence shells (2 for first shell, 8 for others):

• Atom I: 2 valence electrons (full first shell, stable)
• Atom II: 4 valence electrons (unstable)
• Atom III: 8 valence electrons (full outer shell, stable)
• Atom IV: 6 valence electrons (unstable)

Unstable atoms II and IV will bond to fill shells.

Answer:

First question: d. Valence electrons are found in the nucleus.
Second question: c. II and IV