Question

1. which pair below is mismatched? a. amino acid - protein b. glycerol - glycogen c. glucose - starch d. phosphoric acid - nucleotide 11. which statement characterizes a hydrogen atom that is participating in a hydrogen bond? a. it must be covalently bonded to an oxygen atom. b. it must have a small positive charge compared to the atom to which it is bonded. c. it must be part of a water molecule. d. it must be in its ionic form (i.e., a proton). 12. proteins are polymers of __________ which sometimes function to ________. a. amino acids; catalyze chemical reactions b. nucleotides; convey genetic information c. fatty acids; transport substances through membranes d. nucleotides; provide energy for cellular processes in questions 13 - 15, fill in each blank with the proper term. 13. ________ are lipids containing phosphorus that are particularly important in the formation of cell membranes. 14. ________ is the splitting of a bond within a larger molecule by the addition of water. 15. __________ is the act of dispersing one liquid in another, as fat in water.

Explanation:

1. Glycerol is a component of lipids, while glycogen is a carbohydrate polymer of glucose; thus mismatched.
2. A hydrogen in a hydrogen bond is covalently bonded to an electronegative atom, gaining a small positive charge relative to it.
3. Proteins are amino acid polymers; enzymes (proteins) catalyze reactions.
4. Phospholipids have phosphorus and form cell membranes.
5. Hydrolysis splits bonds with water addition.
6. Emulsification disperses one liquid in another (e.g., fat in water).

Answer:

1. B. glycerol—glycogen
2. B. It must have a small positive charge compared to the atom to which it is bonded.
3. A. amino acids; catalyze chemical reactions
4. Phospholipids
5. Hydrolysis
6. Emulsification