Question

1. the process of engulfing particles by the cell membrane is called:

a) exocytosis
b) endocytosis
c) diffusion
d) osmosis

1. what is the primary function of the cell membrane?

a) energy production
b) protein synthesis
c) regulation of material movement
d) storage of nutrients

1. water dissolves many substances due to its:

a) density
b) polarity
c) temperature
d) volume

1. photosynthesis requires which of the following?

a) oxygen and glucose
b) water, carbon dioxide, and sunlight
c) atp and sugar
d) carbon dioxide and atp

1. anabolic pathways are characterized by:

a) breaking down molecules
b) releasing energy
c) building complex molecules
d) producing lactic acid

1. exergonic reactions are:

a) energy - consuming
b) spontaneous
c) endothermic
d) non - spontaneous

1. the enzymes active site is responsible for:

a) binding substrates
b) releasing energy
c) storing atp
d) absorbing heat

Explanation:

1. Endocytosis is the process by which a cell membrane engulfs particles. Exocytosis is the opposite (releasing particles out of the cell), diffusion is the movement of substances from high - to low - concentration, and osmosis is the diffusion of water.
2. The cell membrane's main function is to regulate the movement of materials in and out of the cell. Energy production mainly occurs in mitochondria, protein synthesis in ribosomes, and nutrient storage is not its primary role.
3. Water's polarity allows it to dissolve many substances as it can interact with charged or polar molecules.
4. Photosynthesis requires water, carbon dioxide, and sunlight to produce glucose and oxygen.
5. Anabolic pathways build complex molecules from simpler ones, consuming energy in the process. Catabolic pathways break down molecules and release energy.
6. Exergonic reactions are spontaneous and release energy. Endergonic reactions are energy - consuming and non - spontaneous.
7. The active site of an enzyme is where the substrate binds to undergo a chemical reaction.

Answer:

1. b) Endocytosis
2. c) Regulation of material movement
3. b) Polarity
4. b) Water, carbon dioxide, and sunlight
5. c) Building complex molecules
6. b) Spontaneous
7. a) Binding substrates