Question

12 week 2
ela review
name:
per:
activity 1
a clause is a group of words that contains a subject and predicate.
examples: before she went to school, lara studied for the test. i cant remember where i put my keys.
read each sentence and determine if the underlined part is a (c) clause or a (p) phrase.

1. ____ in the morning, luke likes to watch cartoons.
2. ____ when he wakes up, luke likes to watch cartoons.
3. ____ my friend who plays soccer made the varsity team.
4. ____ they went to the park after school.

activity 2
a conjunctive adverb connects two independent clauses. note the punctuation in the example.
example:
i went to the store; however, i forgot to buy the pizza dough.
add punctuation to the sentences to make them grammatically correct.

1. i completed all of my homework although i forgot to turn it in.
2. we should host a fundraiser at school furthermore we should donate some of the proceeds to charity.
3. the team did not practice hence it lost the game.

activity 3
a figure of speech is a word or phrase that has a meaning other than its literal meaning.
underline the figure of speech in the sentences below and label which type it is.

1. i wish i could click my heels and go home.
2. you wont be sorry you planned ahead.
3. to save money, the college student purchased some pre - owned text books.
4. ill have the jumbo shrimp.

activity 4
parallel structure is when a writer uses the same pattern of words or phrases to show that two or more ideas are equally important.
parallel strucure: after school on tuesday, my friends and i went to the ice cream shop, ate ice cream, and planned our group presentation.
underline or highlight the parallel structure error in the sentence and rewrite it so that it is in parallel structure.

1. at summer camp, i went hiking, i fished, and to swim.
2. before baking the cake, i need to butter the pan, measuring the ingredients, and to clean the counter.

activity 5
write a brief argument paragraph about which is better: gum or breath mints.
remember to provide information about both sides of an argument, make a claim (choose a side), and back it up with examples.
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Explanation:

Activity 1

Clauses have a subject + predicate; phrases do not.

1. "In the morning" has no subject/predicate → phrase
2. "When he wakes up" has subject ("he") and predicate ("wakes up") → clause
3. "who plays soccer" has subject ("who") and predicate ("plays soccer") → clause
4. "after school" has no subject/predicate → phrase

Activity 2

Conjunctive adverbs connect independent clauses, use a semicolon before and comma after the adverb.

1. "although" is a subordinating conjunction, so add a comma before it.
2. "furthermore" is a conjunctive adverb, use semicolon before and comma after.
3. "hence" is a conjunctive adverb, use semicolon before and comma after.

Activity 3

Identify non-literal word/phrase types:

1. "click my heels" references The Wizard of Oz → allusion
2. "sorry you planned ahead" is ironic (planning ahead is good) → irony
3. "pre-owned text books" is a milder term for "used" → euphemism
4. "jumbo shrimp" has contradictory words → oxymoron

Activity 4

Parallel structure requires matching verb forms.

1. "to swim" does not match "went hiking, I fished" → adjust to match past tense verb structure.
2. "measuring the ingredients" does not match "to butter, to clean" → adjust to infinitive form.

Activity 5

Write a balanced argument: address both gum and mints, make a claim, add examples.

Answer:

Activity 1

1. (p)
2. (c)
3. (c)
4. (p)

Activity 2

1. I completed all of my homework, although I forgot to turn it in.
2. We should host a fundraiser at school; furthermore, we should donate some of the proceeds to charity.
3. The team did not practice; hence, it lost the game.

Activity 3

1. Underline: click my heels; Label: Allusion
2. Underline: sorry you planned ahead; Label: Irony
3. Underline: pre-owned text books; Label: Euphemism
4. Underline: jumbo shrimp; Label: Oxymoron

Activity 4

1. Error: to swim; Rewritten: At summer camp, I went hiking, fished, and swam.
2. Error: measuring the ingredients; Rewritten: Before baking the cake, I need to butter the pan, measure the ingredients, and clean the counter.

Activity 5

Gum and breath mints both serve the core purpose of freshening breath, but chewing gum is the better choice for most daily situations. Breath mints act quickly to mask bad breath with a strong, sweet flavor, but their effect fades within 10 to 15 minutes, and they can leave an artificial aftertaste. Gum, by contrast, stimulates saliva production for 20+ minutes as you chew, which actively washes away food particles and bacteria that cause bad breath, rather than just masking it. For example, if you eat a garlicky lunch before a work meeting, chewing sugar-free gum will help reduce the source of the odor, while a mint will only cover it temporarily. Mints are convenient for quick, discrete use, like in a quiet theater, but gum’s longer-lasting, bacteria-fighting benefits make it the more effective option for regular, all-day fresh breath.