Question

1. what is the final outcome of meiosis ii? a. four identical diploid cells b. four non - identical haploid gametes c. two non - identical haploid cells d. two identical diploid cells 14. what happens during crossing - over in meiosis? a. sister chromatids are separated b. chromosomes line up at the metaphase plate c. homologous chromosomes exchange genetic material d. the cell divides into two haploid cells 15. how does the sodium - potassium pump contribute to maintaining cellular homeostasis? a. it amplifies cellular responses to external stimuli. b. it triggers the release of hormones to regulate cell activity. c. it passively moves ions along their concentration gradient. d. it actively transports sodium out of the cell and potassium into the cell, using atp to maintain ion balance.

Explanation:

1. Meiosis II results in four non - identical haploid gametes (in the case of gamete - producing cells). Meiosis is a reduction - division process that halves the chromosome number. After meiosis II, the daughter cells are haploid and non - identical due to crossing - over and independent assortment in meiosis I.
2. Crossing - over in meiosis occurs when homologous chromosomes exchange genetic material. This process happens during prophase I of meiosis and increases genetic diversity.
3. The sodium - potassium pump actively transports sodium out of the cell and potassium into the cell, using ATP to maintain ion balance. This helps in maintaining the resting membrane potential and cellular homeostasis.

Answer:

1. b. Four non - identical haploid gametes
2. c. Homologous chromosomes exchange genetic material
3. d. It actively transports sodium out of the cell and potassium into the cell, using ATP to maintain ion balance.