Question

1. what is the start codon in mrna that initiates translation?

a. uag
b. aug
c. uaa
d. uga

1. what is a codon?

a. a type of rna that carries genetic information
b. an enzyme that synthesizes rna
c. a sequence of three nucleotides on mrna that specifies an amino acid
d. a protein that assists in dna replication

1. what role do mutations play in the process of adaptation?

a. they only affect physical traits, not adaptations
b. they hinder adaptation by causing harmful traits.
c. they eliminate the need for adaptation
d. they provide the raw material for natural selection

Explanation:

Question 13

In mRNA translation, the start codon that initiates the process is AUG. UAG, UAA, and UGA are stop codons that terminate translation. So the correct option is b.

A codon is defined as a sequence of three nucleotides on mRNA that specifies an amino acid (or a start/stop signal). Option a describes mRNA (not a codon), option b describes RNA polymerase, and option d describes a DNA replication - related protein. So the correct option is c.

Mutations introduce genetic variation, which serves as the raw material for natural selection during adaptation. Option a is wrong as mutations can affect adaptations; option b is wrong as mutations can also be beneficial for adaptation; option c is wrong as mutations do not eliminate the need for adaptation. So the correct option is d.

Answer:

b. AUG

Question 14