Question

16 mitosis ensures that the hereditary blueprint for cellular protein production is transmitted to the next generation of cells. 17 in plants the cell plate forms within the phragmoplast. 18 during cytokinesis, the cell walls of the daughter cells form from the cell wall of the parent cell. 19 all multicellular organisms produce new individuals by mitosis. 20 every organism has chromosome number characteristic of its particular species. 21 a cell that has more then two sets of chromosomes is said to be diploid. short essay questions 22 what three features of plant cells distinguish them from animal cells? 23 once regarded as depositories for waste products in plant cells, vacuoles now are known to play many different roles. what are some of those roles? 24 distinguish between rough endoplasmic reticulum and smooth endoplasmic reticulum, both structurally and functionally.

Explanation:

1. Plant cells have cell walls, chloroplasts, and large central vacuoles which are not present in animal cells. Cell walls provide structural support, chloroplasts are for photosynthesis, and large vacuoles store water and waste.
2. Vacuoles in plant cells store nutrients, maintain turgor pressure for cell - shape and rigidity, and can also contain pigments or defense - related compounds.
3. Structurally, rough endoplasmic reticulum (RER) has ribosomes attached to its surface, while smooth endoplasmic reticulum (SER) does not. Functionally, RER is involved in protein synthesis and modification, and SER is involved in lipid synthesis, detoxification, and calcium ion storage.

Answer:

1. Plant cells have cell walls, chloroplasts, and large central vacuoles.
2. Store nutrients, maintain turgor pressure, contain pigments or defense - related compounds.
3. Structurally: RER has ribosomes on its surface, SER does not. Functionally: RER is for protein synthesis and modification, SER is for lipid synthesis, detoxification, and calcium ion storage.