Question

1. polarization occurs when

a) electrons leave the atom
b) the nucleus splits
c) electrons shift slightly within atoms
d) protons move to one side

1. which is an example of induced polarization?

a) metal rod conducting electricity
b) salt dissolving in water
c) lightning rod attracting lightning
d) balloon sticking to a wall

Explanation:

Question 35

To determine when polarization occurs, we analyze each option:

• Option A: Electrons leaving the atom is ionization, not polarization.
• Option B: The nucleus splitting is nuclear fission, unrelated to polarization.
• Option C: Polarization in dielectrics involves electrons shifting slightly within atoms (or molecules) due to an external electric field, creating a separation of charge.
• Option D: Protons are in the nucleus and do not move easily; polarization involves electron (or charge) shifts, not proton movement.

To identify induced polarization, we analyze each option:

• Option A: A metal rod conducting electricity involves free electron flow (conduction), not polarization (which is more about dielectric materials).
• Option B: Salt dissolving in water is dissociation into ions, not polarization.
• Option C: A lightning rod attracting lightning is about charge concentration (using sharp points), not induced polarization.
• Option D: A balloon (after being rubbed, becoming charged) induces a slight charge separation (polarization) in the neutral wall, causing attraction (sticking). This is induced polarization.

Answer:

C) Electrons shift slightly within atoms

Question 36