Question

analysis questions: (refer back to your model and notes) 1. what are the purposes of mitosis? describe the need for conservation of genetic material in every one of our cells. in other words, explain why every one of our cells requires a complete set of our dna. 2. compare and contrast the parent cell to the daughter cells. 3. at the end of cellular division (mitosis) in humans, how many chromosomes will be present in the daughter cells? explain. 4. if a dog has 78 chromosomes inside of every one of its cells, at the end of cellular division (mitosis) how many chromosomes will each daughter cell have? explain your reasoning.

Explanation:

Step1: Understand mitosis purpose

Mitosis ensures genetic - material conservation. Each cell needs a full set of DNA for proper function. For example, in growth and repair, cells must have the correct genetic instructions.

Step2: Compare parent and daughter cells in mitosis

In mitosis, parent and daughter cells are genetically identical. The parent cell duplicates its DNA and divides into two daughter cells, each receiving an exact copy of the parent's DNA.

Step3: Determine chromosome number in human mitosis

Humans have 46 chromosomes. During mitosis, the DNA replicates, and then the cell divides. Each daughter cell gets 46 chromosomes because the process is designed to maintain the species - specific chromosome number.

Step4: Determine chromosome number in dog mitosis

A dog has 78 chromosomes. In mitosis, the parent cell duplicates its 78 chromosomes. After division, each daughter cell will also have 78 chromosomes to maintain the dog's genetic integrity.

Answer:

1. The purposes of mitosis include growth, repair of tissues, and asexual reproduction. Each cell requires a complete set of DNA because the DNA contains the genetic instructions necessary for the cell's structure, function, and regulation. For example, enzymes and proteins that the cell needs to survive and perform its specialized tasks are encoded in the DNA.
2. The parent cell and daughter cells in mitosis are genetically identical. The parent cell replicates its DNA during the interphase before mitosis. During mitosis, the replicated chromosomes are separated equally into two daughter cells, ensuring that each daughter cell has the same genetic material as the parent cell.
3. At the end of cellular division (mitosis) in humans, each daughter cell will have 46 chromosomes. This is because human somatic cells are diploid with 46 chromosomes. During mitosis, the DNA is replicated in the S - phase of interphase, and then the replicated chromosomes are divided equally between the two daughter cells, maintaining the diploid number of 46 chromosomes in each daughter cell.
4. Each daughter cell will have 78 chromosomes. In mitosis, the parent cell's chromosomes are replicated. Since the dog's parent cell has 78 chromosomes, after replication and subsequent division in mitosis, each daughter cell will receive an identical set of 78 chromosomes to maintain the species - characteristic chromosome number.