Question

analyzing graphics: enzymes

1. enzymes act on substrates. label the enzyme, substrate, active site, and products on the diagram.

diagram with shapes
answer true or false to the following statements based on the graphic:
a. ______ enzymes interact with many different kinds of substrates.
b. ______ enzymes change shape permanently after a reaction occurs.
c. ______ an enzyme can be reused with a new substrate.
d. ______ the substrate is changed in the reaction.
e. ______ if the shape of the enzyme changed, it would no longer work.
f. ______ when all substrates are used, the reaction stops.

1. enzymes speed up the reaction by lowering the activation energy needed for the reaction to start. compare the activation energy with and without the enzyme.

identify the part of the graph that shows:
____ overall energy released during reaction
____ activation energy with enzyme
____ activation energy without enzyme
graph: energy vs reaction coordinate, with \without enzyme\ and \with enzyme\ curves, labels a, b, c

Explanation:

Part 1: Labeling the Enzyme Diagram

To label the diagram (enzyme, substrate, active site, products):

• Enzyme: The large, curved (catalytic) molecule (remains unchanged, reusable).
• Substrate: The molecules (e.g., the two shapes) that bind to the enzyme’s active site.
• Active Site: The region on the enzyme where the substrate binds (specific shape for the substrate).
• Products: The molecules formed after the reaction (different from the substrate, released from the enzyme).

Part 1: True/False Statements

a. Enzymes interact with many different kinds of substrates.

Enzymes are specific to their substrates (lock-and-key model). Thus, this is False.

b. Enzymes change shape permanently after a reaction occurs.

Enzymes temporarily change shape (induced fit) but return to their original form. Thus, this is False.

c. An enzyme can be reused with a new substrate.

Enzymes are not consumed in reactions and can bind new substrates. Thus, this is True.

d. The substrate is changed in the reaction.

Enzymes catalyze reactions that transform substrates into products. Thus, this is True.

e. If the shape of the enzyme changed, it would no longer work.

Enzyme function depends on active site shape (denaturation disrupts function). Thus, this is True.

f. When all substrates are used, the reaction stops.

Reactions require substrates; no substrates mean no reaction. Thus, this is True.

Part 2: Enzyme Activation Energy Graph

Overall energy released during reaction:

This is the difference in energy between reactants and products (labeled B or C? Wait, the graph has:

• Reactants (left) → Peak (activation energy) → Products (right, lower energy).
• “Overall energy released” is the vertical difference between reactants and products (e.g., C if products are lower, or B if reactants are higher? Wait, the labels:
• A: Activation energy with enzyme (smaller peak).
• B: Activation energy without enzyme (larger peak).
• C: Overall energy released (reactants – products).

Wait, the questions are:

• Overall energy released: C (vertical distance from reactants to products).
• Activation energy with enzyme: A (height of the smaller peak).
• Activation energy without enzyme: B (height of the larger peak).

Final Answers (True/False)

a. \(\boldsymbol{\text{False}}\)
b. \(\boldsymbol{\text{False}}\)
c. \(\boldsymbol{\text{True}}\)
d. \(\boldsymbol{\text{True}}\)
e. \(\boldsymbol{\text{True}}\)
f. \(\boldsymbol{\text{True}}\)

Final Answers (Graph Identification)

• Overall energy released: \(\boldsymbol{C}\)
• Activation energy with enzyme: \(\boldsymbol{A}\)
• Activation energy without enzyme: \(\boldsymbol{B}\)

Answer:

Part 1: Labeling the Enzyme Diagram

To label the diagram (enzyme, substrate, active site, products):

• Enzyme: The large, curved (catalytic) molecule (remains unchanged, reusable).
• Substrate: The molecules (e.g., the two shapes) that bind to the enzyme’s active site.
• Active Site: The region on the enzyme where the substrate binds (specific shape for the substrate).
• Products: The molecules formed after the reaction (different from the substrate, released from the enzyme).

Part 1: True/False Statements

a. Enzymes interact with many different kinds of substrates.

Enzymes are specific to their substrates (lock-and-key model). Thus, this is False.

b. Enzymes change shape permanently after a reaction occurs.

Enzymes temporarily change shape (induced fit) but return to their original form. Thus, this is False.

c. An enzyme can be reused with a new substrate.

Enzymes are not consumed in reactions and can bind new substrates. Thus, this is True.

d. The substrate is changed in the reaction.

Enzymes catalyze reactions that transform substrates into products. Thus, this is True.

e. If the shape of the enzyme changed, it would no longer work.

Enzyme function depends on active site shape (denaturation disrupts function). Thus, this is True.

f. When all substrates are used, the reaction stops.

Reactions require substrates; no substrates mean no reaction. Thus, this is True.

Part 2: Enzyme Activation Energy Graph

Overall energy released during reaction:

This is the difference in energy between reactants and products (labeled B or C? Wait, the graph has:

• Reactants (left) → Peak (activation energy) → Products (right, lower energy).
• “Overall energy released” is the vertical difference between reactants and products (e.g., C if products are lower, or B if reactants are higher? Wait, the labels:
• A: Activation energy with enzyme (smaller peak).
• B: Activation energy without enzyme (larger peak).
• C: Overall energy released (reactants – products).

Wait, the questions are:

• Overall energy released: C (vertical distance from reactants to products).
• Activation energy with enzyme: A (height of the smaller peak).
• Activation energy without enzyme: B (height of the larger peak).

Final Answers (True/False)

a. \(\boldsymbol{\text{False}}\)
b. \(\boldsymbol{\text{False}}\)
c. \(\boldsymbol{\text{True}}\)
d. \(\boldsymbol{\text{True}}\)
e. \(\boldsymbol{\text{True}}\)
f. \(\boldsymbol{\text{True}}\)

Final Answers (Graph Identification)

• Overall energy released: \(\boldsymbol{C}\)
• Activation energy with enzyme: \(\boldsymbol{A}\)
• Activation energy without enzyme: \(\boldsymbol{B}\)