Question

a cell with 0.85% nacl is placed into a solution with 1.25% nacl. the cell is surrounded by a _ solution and will therefore, _
a. hypotonic, swell
b. hypotonic, shrink
c. hypertonic, swell
d. hypertonic, shrink

1. several molecules of phospholipid are dropped into a flask of a hydrophobic liquid (like oil) and shaken. the phospholipids will “circle up” with which portion of the phospholipids interacting with the surrounding fluid?

a. heads
b. tails

1. the bigger the cell, the _ the “surface area: volume” ratio. this results in _ efficient movement of food and waste.

a. smaller ; more
b. smaller ; less
c. larger; more
d. larger; less

1. the etc of aerobic cellular respiration is in _, while the proton gradient is in _

a. intermembrane space, matrix
b. in the inner membrane, intermembrane space,
c. in the inner membrane; matrix
d. in the matrix, in the inner membrane

1. bacteria undergo _ to reproduce asexually.

a. binary fission
b. mitosis
c. meiosis

1. dna synthesis occurs in _, but the next checkpoint is not until _.

a. s phase; start of anaphase
b. s phase; end of g2
c. prophase; metaphase
d. prophase; end of g1

1. which component of the cell membrane is responsible for the function of recognition?

a. phospholipid
b. protein
c. cholesterol
d. glycoprotein

1. a membranes phospholipid bilayer, resembling the image below, would most likely be observed in:

a. winter
b. summer
c. equally likely at any time of year

1. how many nadh molecules are produced in the cac from the breakdown of 1 glucose molecule?

a. 3
b. 6
c. 12
d. 18
e. 36

1. an enzyme is made of _ and makes reactions _

a. protein; slow down
b. protein; happen faster
c. carbohydrate; slow down
d. carbohydrate; happen faster

Explanation:

1. A cell with 0.85% NaCl in a 1.25% NaCl solution: The outside solution has a higher solute concentration (hypertonic), so water will move out of the cell and it will shrink.
2. Phospholipids in hydrophobic liquid: Phospholipids have hydrophobic tails which will interact with the hydrophobic liquid.
3. Cell size and surface - area to volume ratio: Larger cells have a smaller surface - area to volume ratio, which results in less efficient movement of food and waste.
4. ETC in aerobic cellular respiration: The ETC is located in the inner membrane of the mitochondria, and the proton gradient is in the intermembrane space.
5. Bacterial asexual reproduction: Bacteria reproduce asexually by binary fission.
6. DNA synthesis and cell - cycle checkpoints: DNA synthesis occurs in the S phase, and the next checkpoint is at the end of G2.
7. Cell - membrane recognition: Glycoproteins on the cell membrane are responsible for recognition.
8. Phospholipid bilayer appearance: A more rigid - looking phospholipid bilayer is more likely to be observed in winter when temperatures are lower.
9. NADH production in CAC: 6 NADH molecules are produced in the citric acid cycle (CAC) from the breakdown of 1 glucose molecule.
10. Enzyme composition and function: Enzymes are made of protein and they speed up reactions.

Answer:

1. D. Hypertonic, shrink
2. B. Tails
3. B. Smaller ; less
4. B. In the inner membrane, intermembrane space
5. A. Binary fission
6. B. S phase; end of G2
7. D. Glycoprotein
8. A. Winter
9. B. 6
10. B. Protein; happen faster