Question

class date
carbohydrates structure and function
examine the diagrams and fill in the letter in each blank below. some blanks have more than one letter answer.
____ 1 hydroxyl group __ 7 pentose __ 13 starch ____ 19. broken down within
cells for fast energy
____ 2 carbonyl group __ 8 hexose __ 14 glycogen ____ 20. energy storage
molecules found in
plant roots
____ 3. glucose __ 11 sucrose __ 16 monosaccharides ____ 21 energy storage molecules
found in animal muscle and
liver cells
____ 4. fructose __ 12 lactose __ 17 disaccharides ____ 22 strong indigestible molecule
used in plant cell walls
____ 5. galactose ____ 18 polysaccharides
______ 6. ribose

Explanation:

Match each term to the corresponding labeled structure/description by identifying the molecular structure or function:

1. Hydroxyl group: The -O-H group labeled F.
2. Carbonyl group: The double-bonded oxygen group labeled E.
3. Glucose: The 6-carbon hexose structure labeled B.
4. Fructose: The hexose with a ketone group labeled D.
5. Galactose: The hexose with a flipped hydroxyl on C4 labeled C.
6. Ribose: The 5-carbon pentose structure labeled A.
7. Pentose: 5-carbon sugar, matching structure A (ribose).
8. Hexose: 6-carbon sugars, matching structures B, C, D.
9. Sucrose: The disaccharide labeled H.
10. Lactose: The disaccharide labeled G.
11. Starch: The linear polysaccharide labeled I.
12. Glycogen: The branched polysaccharide labeled K.
13. Cellulose: The alternating polysaccharide labeled J.
14. Monosaccharides: Single sugar units, matching structures A, B, C, D.
15. Disaccharides: Two sugar units, matching structures G, H.
16. Polysaccharides: Long sugar chains, matching structures I, J, K.
17. Broken down for fast energy: Glucose (B), a monosaccharide used for quick energy.
18. Plant root energy storage: Starch (I), the main plant storage polysaccharide.
19. Animal muscle/liver energy storage: Glycogen (K), the animal storage polysaccharide.
20. Plant cell wall structure: Cellulose (J), the indigestible structural polysaccharide.

Answer:

1. F
2. E
3. B
4. D
5. C
6. A
7. A
8. B, C, D
9. H
10. G
11. I
12. K
13. J
14. A, B, C, D
15. G, H
16. I, J, K
17. B
18. I
19. K
20. J