Question

complete each statement.

1. proteins are made up of ______.
2. there are twenty different types of ______.
3. the message of the dna code is information for building ______.
4. each set of three nitrogen bases that codes for an amino acid is known as a ______.
5. the amino acid ______ is represented by the mrna codon aca.
6. ____ and ____ are mrna codons for phenylalanine.
7. there can be more than one ______ for the same amino acid.
8. for any one codon, there can be only one ______.
9. the genetic code is said to be universal because a codon represents the same ______ in almost all organisms.
10. ____, __, and ____ are stop codons.
11. ____ and ____ are amino acids that are each represented by only one codon.

Explanation:

1. Proteins are polymer chains built from smaller monomer units.
2. The standard genetic code uses 20 distinct building blocks for proteins.
3. DNA stores the instructions for synthesizing cellular proteins.
4. A 3-base sequence in mRNA that maps to an amino acid has a specific term.
5. Using the standard mRNA codon table, ACA corresponds to this amino acid.
6. The standard codon table lists two mRNA codons for phenylalanine.
7. The genetic code is degenerate, meaning multiple codes can match one amino acid.
8. Each codon has a single, specific corresponding amino acid (or stop signal).
9. The universal nature of the genetic code means codons have consistent meaning across most life.
10. Three mRNA codons signal the end of protein synthesis.
11. Two amino acids in the standard code have only one corresponding codon each.

Answer:

1. amino acids
2. amino acids
3. proteins
4. codon
5. threonine
6. UUU; UUC
7. codon
8. amino acid
9. amino acid
10. UAA; UAG; UGA
11. methionine; tryptophan