Question

cyclical patterns are characterized by repeatable periods of ups and downs over short periods of time while select patterns are regular patterns in a data series that take place select random variation cyclical irregular variation seasonal if time.

Explanation:

To solve this, we analyze the definitions of time - series patterns:

• Cyclical patterns have ups - downs over short periods (already given in the first part).
• Seasonal patterns are regular patterns in a data series that occur at specific times (e.g., sales increasing during holidays every year).
• Random variation is non - regular, irregular variation is also non - regular, and cyclical is already used for the short - term ups - downs. So the correct term for regular patterns over time (with a time - related regularity) is seasonal.

Answer:

seasonal