Question

directions: for the following questions, choose the best answer or respond in complete sentences.

1. which statement best summarizes a central idea of the text?

a. graffiti should not be treated as art because it represents a breakdown in social order.
b. graffiti in a museum should be treated differently than graffiti scrawled on a subway.
c. graffiti is a statement against the role of museums in determining what counts as art.
d. graffiti became a problem because politicians didnt enforce vandalism laws.

1. how does paragraph 2 contribute to the development of ideas in the text?

a. it shows that the author agrees museums should celebrate graffiti.
b. it shows that the authors views on graffiti have changed over time.
c. it shows that the author questions current attitudes toward graffiti.
d. it shows that the author feels curious about different forms of graffiti.

1. which detail best supports the authors idea that graffiti is linked to other crimes?

a. \graffiti is something that one celebrates, if one is juvenile enough to do so, when it shows up on someone elses property but never on ones own.\ (paragraph 2)
b. \graffiti is always vandalism. by definition it is committed without permission on another persons property, in an adolescent display of entitlement.\ (paragraph 3)
c. \a 2008 study from the netherlands has shown that physical disorder and vandalism have a contagious effect, confirming the broken windows theory.\ (paragraph 4)
d.
ew yorks conquest of subway graffiti in the late 1980s was the first sign in decades that the city was still governable; that triumph over lawlessness paved the way for the urban renaissance that followed.\ (paragraph 6)

1. what does the word vulnerable mean, as used in paragraph 4?

a. open to danger
b. frequently used
c. very challenging
d. resistant to change

Explanation:

1. To find the central - idea, we analyze the overall text's stance on graffiti. Graffiti is often seen as a social disorder and not art in the text, so A is correct.
2. Paragraph 2 shows the author's questioning of current views on graffiti by presenting different perspectives, so C is correct.
3. The 'broken windows theory' in option C links physical disorder and vandalism (including graffiti) to a contagious effect, showing a link to other crimes.
4. The word 'vulnerable' means open to danger in the context of the text, so A is correct.

Answer:

1. A. Graffiti should not be treated as art because it represents a breakdown in social order.
2. C. It shows that the author questions current attitudes toward graffiti.
3. C. "A 2008 study from the Netherlands has shown that physical disorder and vandalism have a contagious effect, confirming the 'broken windows theory.'" (Paragraph 4)
4. A. open to danger