Question

7 discuss how the circulatory system of cephalopods has been adapted to enable their active, predatory lifestyle. 8 define convergent evolution, and discuss how the cephalopod eye and the vertebrate eye demonstrate this phenomenon.

Explanation:

For question 7, cephalopods have a closed - circulatory system. It allows for more efficient oxygen and nutrient delivery to support their active, predatory lifestyle. Their hearts are well - developed to pump blood effectively. For question 8, convergent evolution is the independent evolution of similar features in species of different lineages. The cephalopod eye and vertebrate eye have similar structures for vision (lens, retina) despite evolving separately, showing how different evolutionary paths can lead to similar adaptations for a common function.

Answer:

1. Cephalopods have a closed circulatory system with well - developed hearts for efficient oxygen and nutrient delivery to support their active, predatory lifestyle.
2. Convergent evolution is the independent evolution of similar features in different lineages. The cephalopod eye and vertebrate eye have similar visual structures (lens, retina) despite evolving separately, demonstrating this phenomenon.