Question

1. in an energy pyramid:

• producers contain 10,000 units of energy
• primary consumers contain 1,000 units
• secondary consumers contain 100 units

how much energy would tertiary consumers receive?
a. 100 b. 10 c. 1 d. 0

1. what is the main product of photosynthesis that provides energy for plants and animals?

a. oxygen b. glucose c. carbon dioxide d. atp

1. which process releases carbon dioxide into the atmosphere?

a. photosynthesis
b. cellular respiration
c. decomposition
d. both b and c

1. barnacles attach to whale, gaining a place to live, while whales are not affected. this is:

a. mutualism b. parasitism c. commensalism d. competition

1. why is cycling nutrients important for ecosystems?

a. nutrients are unlimited and never run out
b. nutrients must be reused because they are limited
c. nutrients are created when organisms die
d. nutrients only benefit producers, not consumers

1. in the carbon cycle, which process removes carbon dioxide from the atmosphere?

a. burning fossil fuels
b. decomposition
c. photosynthesis
d. respiration

1. which process of the water cycle returns water vapor to earth’s surface as rain or snow?

a. evaporation
b. transpiration
c. precipitation
d. condensation

1. in a food chain, which organism is always first link?

a. primary consumer
b. producer
c. secondary consumer
d. decomposer

Explanation:

• For question 8: In an energy pyramid, energy transfer between trophic levels follows a 10% - 20% rule. If secondary consumers have 100 units, tertiary consumers would get 10% of that, which is 10 units.
• For question 9: The main product of photosynthesis that provides energy for plants and animals is glucose. Oxygen is a by - product, carbon dioxide is a reactant, and ATP is produced during cellular respiration using glucose.
• For question 10: Cellular respiration and decomposition release carbon dioxide into the atmosphere. Photosynthesis takes in carbon dioxide.
• For question 11: When barnacles attach to a whale and gain a place to live while the whale is not affected, it is commensalism. Mutualism is when both organisms benefit, parasitism is when one benefits at the expense of the other, and competition is between organisms for resources.
• For question 12: Nutrients are limited in an ecosystem and need to be recycled to maintain the balance of the ecosystem.
• For question 13: Photosynthesis removes carbon dioxide from the atmosphere as plants use it to produce glucose. Burning fossil fuels releases carbon dioxide, decomposition releases it slowly, and respiration also releases it.
• For question 14: Precipitation is the process in the water cycle that returns water vapor to the Earth's surface as rain or snow. Evaporation is the change from liquid to gas, transpiration is evaporation from plants, and condensation is the change from gas to liquid.
• For question 15: In a food chain, the producer is always the first link as it produces its own food through photosynthesis and provides the base of the energy pyramid for other organisms.

Answer:

1. b. 10
2. b. Glucose
3. d. Both B and C
4. c. Commensalism
5. b. Nutrients must be reused because they are limited
6. c. Photosynthesis
7. c. Precipitation
8. b. Producer