Question

epiphytic ferns and trees case study
background information
epiphytes are plants that grow on other plants for physical support, most commonly in tropical rainforests. epiphytic ferns attach themselves to the branches or trunks of trees, gaining better access to sunlight high in the forest canopy. they do not take water or nutrients from the host tree, nor do they usually cause harm, but their presence can slightly alter the microhabitat for the tree. epiphytes contribute to the incredible diversity and complexity of rainforest ecosystems.
open - ended questions—make sure to at least use in - text citations (4 sentence minimum)
what type of symbiotic relationship do epiphytic ferns have with their host trees? use evidence from the background to support your answer.
give two examples of a biotic factor and two examples of an abiotic factor in this ecosystem. how does it affect each species in this case study?
how does growing on a tree help the epiphytic fern survive in the rainforest?

Explanation:

1. Commensalism as ferns gain support & light without harming trees.
2. Biotic: other plants, herbivores. Abiotic: sunlight, rainfall.
3. Access to light, avoid ground - dwelling threats.

Answer:

1. Commensalism.
2. Biotic: other plants, herbivores; Abiotic: sunlight, rainfall.
3. Gain light, avoid ground threats.