Question

figure 2: codon codechart
image source: onie–commonswiki. “codon amino acid table”. wikimedia common, 21 february, 2007.https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/file:codons_aminoacids_table.png
for this assignment, you will explain how the single base pair change in the hemoglobin gene changes by addressing the following in your response:

1. what is the process of transcription/ mrna?
2. what is the process of translation/ amino acid sequence of a protein?
3. what is the protein structure and function?

• look up the chemical properties of the two amino acids (with/without the mutation)
• how might this swap impact protein structure?

Explanation:

Answer:

1. Transcription is the process where a specific segment of DNA is copied into mRNA by the enzyme RNA polymerase.
2. Translation is the process where ribosomes read the mRNA sequence and, with the help of tRNA, assemble amino acids into a specific polypeptide chain.
3. Protein structure is the three-dimensional arrangement of atoms in a protein molecule, which determines its specific biological function.