Question

1. figure 1.7 decide if each of the following is an example of inductive or deductive reasoning. 1. all flying birds and insects have wings. birds and insects flap their wings as they move through the air. therefore, wings enable flight. 2. insects generally survive mild winters better than harsh ones. therefore, insect pests will become more problematic if global temperatures increase. 3. chromosomes, the carriers of dna, separate into daughter cells during cell division. therefore, each daughter cell will have the same chromosome set as the mother cell. 4. animals as diverse as humans, insects, and wolves all exhibit social behavior. therefore, social behavior must have an evolutionary advantage.

Explanation:

1.

Inductive reasoning uses specific observations to make general conclusions. Here, observing that flying birds and insects have wings and flap them to fly leads to the general conclusion that wings enable flight.

We start with the specific observation that insects survive mild winters better. Then we make a general prediction about insect pests with global temperature increase, which is inductive as it moves from specific to general.

Deductive reasoning starts with general principles (chromosomes carry DNA and separate in cell division) and applies them to reach a specific conclusion (daughter cells have same chromosome set), moving from general to specific.

Answer:

Inductive Reasoning

2.