Question

find the range, variance, and standard deviation for the given sample data, if possible. if the measures of variation can be obtained for these values, do the results make sense?
biologists conducted experiments to determine whether a deficiency of carbon dioxide in the soil affects the phenotypes of peas. listed below are the phenotype codes, where 1 = smooth - yellow, 2 = smooth - green, 3 = wrinkled yellow, and 4 = wrinkled - green.
2 2 2 1 3 3 4 2 2 2 2 1 2 2 2 3 1 2 2 2

b. the range of the sample data cannot be calculated.
can the standard deviation of the sample data be obtained for these values? choose the correct answer below and, if necessary, fill in the answer box within your choice.
a. the standard deviation of the sample data is 0.7 (round to one decimal place as needed.)
b. the standard deviation of the sample data cannot be calculated.
can the variance of the sample data be obtained for these values? choose the correct answer below and, if necessary, fill in the answer box within your choice.
a. the variance of the sample data is
(round to one decimal place as needed.)
b. the variance of the sample data cannot be calculated.

Explanation:

Step1: Recall data - type concept

The phenotype codes (1 = smooth - yellow, 2 = smooth - green, 3 = wrinkled yellow, 4 = wrinkled - green) are qualitative data (categorical data) represented by numbers. Measures of variation like range, variance, and standard deviation are applicable for quantitative data.

Step2: Determine calculability

Since the data is qualitative (categorical) in nature, we cannot calculate the range, variance, and standard deviation.

Answer:

B. The range of the sample data cannot be calculated.
B. The standard deviation of the sample data cannot be calculated.
B. The variance of the sample data cannot be calculated.