but the great security against a gradual concentration of the several powers in the same department consists in giving to those who administer each department the necessary constitutional means and personal motives to resist encroachments of the others. the provision for defense must in this, as in all other cases, be made commensurate to the danger of attack. ambition must be made to counteract ambition. the interest of the man must be connected with the constitutional rights of the place. it may be a reflection on human nature that such devices should be necessary to control the abuses of government. but what is government itself but the greatest of all reflections on human nature? if men were angels, no government would be necessary. if angels were to govern men, neither external nor internal controls on government would be necessary. in framing a government which is to be administered by men over men, the great difficulty lies in this: you must first enable the government to control the governed; and in the next place oblige it to control itself. a dependence on the people is, no doubt, the primary control on the government; but experience has taught mankind the necessity of auxiliary precautions. in federalist, no.51, when madison argues that he great security against a gradual concentration of the several powers in the same department consists in giving to those who administer each department the necessary constitutional means and personal motives to resist encroachments of the others,\ he is referring to the constitutions assurance of limited government systems of checks and balances system of federalism democratic systems

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but the great security against a gradual concentration of the several powers in the same department consists in giving to those who administer each department the necessary constitutional means and personal motives to resist encroachments of the others. the provision for defense must in this, as in all other cases, be made commensurate to the danger of attack. ambition must be made to counteract ambition. the interest of the man must be connected with the constitutional rights of the place. it may be a reflection on human nature that such devices should be necessary to control the abuses of government. but what is government itself but the greatest of all reflections on human nature? if men were angels, no government would be necessary. if angels were to govern men, neither external nor internal controls on government would be necessary. in framing a government which is to be administered by men over men, the great difficulty lies in this: you must first enable the government to control the governed; and in the next place oblige it to control itself. a dependence on the people is, no doubt, the primary control on the government; but experience has taught mankind the necessity of auxiliary precautions. in federalist, no.51, when madison argues that 	he great security against a gradual concentration of the several powers in the same department consists in giving to those who administer each department the necessary constitutional means and personal motives to resist encroachments of the others,\ he is referring to the constitutions assurance of limited government systems of checks and balances system of federalism democratic systems

Accepted Answer

# Brief Explanations:
The text from Federalist No.51 emphasizes giving each government - department the means and motives to resist encroachments from others. This is the essence of the checks - and - balances system, which aims to prevent the concentration of power in one department. Limited government focuses more on the overall scope of government power, federalism on the division between central and state governments, and democratic systems on the rule by the people.
# Answer:
B. Systems of checks and balances

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