Question

how do large grazers like bison contribute to grassland ecosystem maintenance?
by reducing wind erosion
by preventing tree growth through grazing
by introducing new plant species
by creating water channels
what characteristic makes temperate deciduous forest soils particularly fertile?
high clay content
constant moisture levels
seasonal leaf litter decomposition
frequent volcanic activity

Explanation:

For the first question, large grazers like bison graze on young tree seedlings and saplings, preventing tree growth and maintaining the grass - dominated ecosystem. For the second question, in temperate deciduous forests, the seasonal leaf litter decomposition adds a large amount of organic matter to the soil, making it fertile.

Answer:

1. B. By preventing tree growth through grazing
2. C. Seasonal leaf litter decomposition