the human genome is composed of ______ pairs of chromosomes.
in humans, the presence of an extra copy of chromosome 21 causes ______.
genetic disorders like tay - sachs disease follow an ______ recessive inheritance pattern.
klinefelter syndrome results from an extra ______ chromosome.
______ are alterations in the structure or number of chromosomes within an organism’s cells.
a well - known example of aneuploidy is ______ syndrome.
deletions involve the loss of a segment of a ______.
dna, the building block of life, consists of nucleotides: adenine (a), thymine (t), cytosine (c), and ______ (g).

Question

Accepted Answer

### 1. The human genome is composed of \_\_\_\_\_ pairs of chromosomes.
# Brief Explanations:
In human biology, the normal human genome has 23 pairs of chromosomes (22 autosomal pairs and 1 pair of sex chromosomes).
# Answer:
23

### 2. In humans, the presence of an extra copy of chromosome 21 causes \_\_\_\_\_.
# Brief Explanations:
An extra copy of chromosome 21 (trisomy 21) is the cause of Down syndrome, which leads to characteristic physical and developmental traits.
# Answer:
Down syndrome

### 3. Genetic disorders like Tay - Sachs disease follow an \_\_\_\_\_ recessive inheritance pattern.
# Brief Explanations:
Tay - Sachs disease is an example of an autosomal recessive disorder, where the "autosomal" indicates the gene is on a non - sex chromosome.
# Answer:
autosomal

### 4. Klinefelter syndrome results from an extra \_\_\_\_\_ chromosome.
# Brief Explanations:
Klinefelter syndrome is characterized by the presence of an extra X chromosome, resulting in a karyotype of XXY (in most cases).
# Answer:
X

### 5. \_\_\_\_\_\_ are alterations in the structure or number of chromosomes within an organism’s cells.
# Brief Explanations:
Chromosomal abnormalities (or chromosomal mutations) are changes in the chromosome structure (like deletions, duplications) or number (like aneuploidy).
# Answer:
Chromosomal abnormalities (or Chromosomal mutations)

### 6. A well - known example of aneuploidy is \_\_\_\_\_ syndrome.
# Brief Explanations:
Aneuploidy is the abnormal number of chromosomes. Down syndrome (trisomy 21) is a well - known example of aneuploidy (having an extra chromosome 21).
# Answer:
Down (or Klinefelter, or Turner; Down is a very common example)

### 7. Deletions involve the loss of a segment of a \_\_\_\_\_.
# Brief Explanations:
In chromosomal terms, deletions are a type of chromosomal mutation where a segment of a chromosome is lost.
# Answer:
chromosome

### 8. DNA, the building block of life, consists of nucleotides: adenine (A), thymine (T), cytosine (C), and \_\_\_\_\_ (G).
# Brief Explanations:
The four nucleotides in DNA are adenine (A), thymine (T), cytosine (C), and guanine (G).
# Answer:
guanine

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QUESTION IMAGE

Question

Explanation:

1. The human genome is composed of \_\_\_\_\_ pairs of chromosomes.

Answer:

2. In humans, the presence of an extra copy of chromosome 21 causes \_\_\_\_\_.