Question

imagine the dna sequence of a genes coding strand includes the following bases, which code for the amino acids indicated.
coding dna strand: tat tct cga ggc aac atc
resulting protein: tyr ser arg gly asn thr
analyze the examples of the following four mutations, each indicated in red, and the resulting amino - acid sequences. drag and drop the name of a mutation type to match it with the example.
coding dna strand: tat tct cga g gc aac atc
resulting protein: tyr ser arg g ly asn thr
coding dna strand: tat tct cga g ag caa cac c
resulting protein: tyr ser arg g la gln his
coding dna strand: taa tct cga g gc aac atc
resulting protein: (stop)
coding dna strand: tat tct cga aga aac atc
resulting protein: tyr ser arg arg asn thr

Explanation:

1. First Mutation: One - base insertion (an extra 'G' is inserted in the DNA sequence), which is a frameshift mutation as it shifts the reading frame of the codons.
2. Second Mutation: Multiple - base substitutions (changes in several bases), altering the amino - acid sequence, which is a missense mutation as it results in different amino acids being incorporated into the protein.
3. Third Mutation: A substitution that leads to a stop codon (change from a normal codon to a stop codon), which is a nonsense mutation.
4. Fourth Mutation: A single - base substitution that changes one amino acid (from Ser to Arg), which is a missense mutation.

Answer:

1. Frameshift mutation
2. Missense mutation
3. Nonsense mutation
4. Missense mutation