legal efforts
1. complete the following paragraph with terms from the word bank.

biodiversity treaty cites ddt endangered species act law treaties

in the united states, the main ________ that protects biodiversity is the
of species including the bald eagle and other birds that were at risk of extinction due to
effects of the pesticide ________. several ________ help to
protect biodiversity on an international level. ________, for example, has
been in effect since 1975 and bans the international transport of endangered species.
the convention on biological diversity, sometimes commonly referred to as the
________, has the commitment of about 200 nations. although it has been
signed by the united states, it has not yet been ratified.
2. what are the three main parts of the endangered species act?

3. do you think the costs outweigh the benefits of treaties that serve to protect biodiversity?
explain.

single - species approaches
4. how does captive breeding help to protect single species?

5. how would cloning, if successful, save a species from extinction?

Question

legal efforts
1. complete the following paragraph with terms from the word bank.

biodiversity treaty  cites  ddt  endangered species act  law  treaties

in the united states, the main ________ that protects biodiversity is the
of species including the bald eagle and other birds that were at risk of extinction due to
effects of the pesticide ________. several ________ help to
protect biodiversity on an international level. ________, for example, has
been in effect since 1975 and bans the international transport of endangered species.
the convention on biological diversity, sometimes commonly referred to as the
________, has the commitment of about 200 nations. although it has been
signed by the united states, it has not yet been ratified.
2. what are the three main parts of the endangered species act?

3. do you think the costs outweigh the benefits of treaties that serve to protect biodiversity?
explain.

single - species approaches
4. how does captive breeding help to protect single species?

5. how would cloning, if successful, save a species from extinction?

Accepted Answer

### Question 1 (Filling the Paragraph)
# Brief Explanations:
1. The first blank: In the US, the main **law** protecting biodiversity (since 1973) is the Endangered Species Act. So first blank: Endangered Species Act.
2. Second blank: Pesticide affecting birds (bald eagle recovery) is **DDT**.
3. Third blank: International agreements to protect biodiversity are **treaties**.
4. Fourth blank: International treaty banning transport of endangered species (since 1975) is **CITES**.
5. Fifth blank: The Convention on Biological Diversity is the **biodiversity treaty**.

So the filled paragraph:
In the United States, the main $\boldsymbol{\text{Endangered Species Act}}$ that protects biodiversity is the of species including the bald eagle and other birds that were at risk of extinction due to effects of the pesticide $\boldsymbol{\text{DDT}}$. Several $\boldsymbol{\text{treaties}}$ help to protect biodiversity on an international level. $\boldsymbol{\text{CITES}}$, for example, has been in effect since 1975 and bans the international transport of endangered species. The Convention on Biological Diversity, sometimes commonly referred to as the $\boldsymbol{\text{biodiversity treaty}}$, has the commitment of about 200 nations. Although it has been signed by the United States, it has not yet been ratified.

# Answer:
1. Endangered Species Act
2. DDT
3. treaties
4. CITES
5. biodiversity treaty

### Question 2 (Three Main Parts of Endangered Species Act)
# Brief Explanations:
The Endangered Species Act has three main parts:
1. **Listing Species**: Identifying species as endangered or threatened.
2. **Protecting Species**: Making it illegal to harm, harass, or kill listed species, or destroy their habitats.
3. **Recovering Species**: Developing recovery plans to help species’ populations rebound and be removed from the list.

# Answer:
1. Listing species as endangered or threatened.
2. Protecting listed species (illegal to harm, kill, or destroy habitats).
3. Developing recovery plans to help species recover and be delisted.

### Question 3 (Costs vs. Benefits of Biodiversity Treaties)
# Brief Explanations:
Benefits of biodiversity treaties: Protect ecosystems, preserve species (ecological balance, future medical/agricultural resources), maintain cultural/ethical values. Costs: May restrict economic activities (e.g., logging, farming in protected areas), require funding for enforcement/conservation. Benefits generally outweigh costs because biodiversity loss (extinctions, ecosystem collapse) has irreversible, long - term negative impacts (e.g., loss of pollinators, ecosystem services like clean water/air) that far exceed short - term economic costs. For example, protecting forests for biodiversity also helps regulate climate and prevent floods.

# Answer:
No, the benefits of biodiversity treaties outweigh the costs. Benefits include preserving ecological balance, protecting potential medical/agricultural resources, and maintaining cultural/ethical values. Costs (e.g., restricted economic activities) are short - term, while biodiversity loss (e.g., extinctions, ecosystem collapse) has irreversible, long - term negative impacts (e.g., loss of pollinators, degraded ecosystem services like clean water). For example, forest protection for biodiversity also regulates climate and prevents floods.

### Question 4 (How Captive Breeding Protects Single Species)
# Brief Explanations:
Captive breeding:
- Increases population size of endangered species (breed in controlled environments, e.g., zoos, breeding centers) when wild populations are too small.
- Reduces risk of extinction from wild threats (e.g., habitat loss, poaching, natural disasters) by having a “backup” population.
- Can reintroduce individuals to the wild once populations are stable and habitats are restored (e.g., California condor recovery).

# Answer:
Captive breeding protects single species by:
1. Increasing the species’ population size in controlled environments (zoos, breeding centers) when wild populations are critically low.
2. Reducing extinction risk from wild threats (e.g., habitat loss, poaching) by maintaining a “backup” population.
3. Reintroducing healthy individuals to the wild once habitats are restored and populations are stable (e.g., California condor recovery programs).

### Question 5 (How Cloning Saves a Species from Extinction)
# Brief Explanations:
If cloning is successful:
- Can create new individuals from genetic material of endangered species, increasing population size.
- Helps when few individuals remain (low genetic diversity in wild), as cloned individuals can add to the gene pool (though genetic diversity from cloning is limited to the donor’s genes).
- Provides a “genetic backup” to prevent extinction if wild populations decline further.

# Answer:
If successful, cloning can save a species from extinction by:
1. Creating new individuals using genetic material from endangered species, increasing the population size.
2. Adding to the gene pool (though with limited genetic diversity, as clones have the same genes as the donor) when wild populations have low genetic diversity.
3. Providing a “genetic backup” to prevent extinction if wild populations decline further (e.g., cloning could revive genes of extinct - in - the - wild species if viable cells exist).

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QUESTION IMAGE

Question

Explanation:

Question 1 (Filling the Paragraph)

Answer:

Question 2 (Three Main Parts of Endangered Species Act)